Muhammad
had known weapons and battles when he was young. When Muhammad was around
fifteen, there was a war called the Fijar war (war of violations), because it
violated the honor of the Haram months, the holy months that were respected and
glorified. In those months it should not be possible to fight. The warring
party was the Quraysh tribe who allied themselves with Banu Kinanah against the
Qais-Ailan tribe (by Banu Hawazin). The warlord who led Quraysh and Kinanah was
Harb bin Umayyah because of his status in society, apart from being an age
factor. If it is still early morning the victory will be on the side of
Qais-Ailan, but if it is already noon the victory is in the hands of
Quraysh-Kinanah. It is said that young Muhammad participated in the Fijar war
and was tasked with preparing arrow tools for his uncles.
The
background of the Fijar war is the occurrence of a murder. At the time of the
trade week held in Ukaz, at that time there was trade from many regions,
discussing, then making a pilgrimage to their idols on the Kaaba. Someone named
Nu'man bin Al-Mundhir sent a caravan from Al Hirah to ‘Ukaz with various
merchandise. Barradz bin Qais offered to protect the caravan under the
supervision of Banu Kinanah. Then, ‘Urwa ar-Rahhal bin‘ Utba from Banu Hawazin
also offered protection to the caravan from the Najd road to the Hijaz.
Nu'man's choice of Urwa made Barradz annoyed. So Barradz killed Urwa and two
people with him. Then Barradz told Bashar bin Abi Hazim that Hawazin would take
revenge on Quraysh. Banu Hawazin also immediately confronted Quraysh before the
entry of the holy month. So there was a war between them. Banu Hawazin
announced that next year the war will be held at ‘Ukaz. This war continued for
four years. According to history, actually in one year, this war only lasted a
few days. At other times they remain active as usual. There is a rule, that is,
the party whose victims have less to pay compensation to the party with more
victims.
After
the Fijar War ends, the warring party enters into an agreement in the month of
Dzulqaidah, one of the holy months / month of Haram. The tribes of the Quraysh
party took part in this agreement, including Banu Hashim, Zuhra, and Taym. They
gathered at the house of Abdullah bin Jud'an At-Taimi because of the respectable
position and the age factor considered the oldest.
This
agreement resulted in an agreement that they agreed and promised in the name of
God to side with anyone from the tyrannical inhabitants of Mecca. They will
continue to punish the wrongdoers so that they / he / she want to return the
rights of the oppressed party. Muhammad was also present in this agreement and
praised the results of the agreement, even when he became an Messenger he kept
remembering it. He said: "I have witnessed the peace agreement at Abdullah
bin Jud'an's house which I love more than the red camel. If I were invited
again after the Islamic period, surely I would fulfill it. "
It
is known that there is a factor in holding the agreement. One day a man from
Zabid (a tribe from Yemen) entered the city of Mecca with various merchandise.
The goods were sold to Al A'as ibnu Wail Al-Sahmi, but were not paid. The man
from Zabid asked for help from the Quraysh figures, but they did not want to
help him. So Zabid's man climbed the Abi Qubais hill by shouting his problem.
Al Zubair ibn Abdul Mutthalib who heard this said, "Are all just silent
hearing this story?" So those who made the Al-Fudhul agreement helped the
Zabid man, immediately met Al-A'as bin Wail and returned the merchandise to the
Zabid man.
Surah
Al Hujurat verses 9-10:
وَإِن
طَآئِفَتَانِ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٱقۡتَتَلُواْ فَأَصۡلِحُواْ بَيۡنَهُمَاۖ
فَإِنۢ بَغَتۡ إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا عَلَى ٱلۡأُخۡرَىٰ فَقَٰتِلُواْ ٱلَّتِي تَبۡغِي
حَتَّىٰ تَفِيٓءَ إِلَىٰٓ أَمۡرِ ٱللَّهِۚ فَإِن فَآءَتۡ فَأَصۡلِحُواْ
بَيۡنَهُمَا بِٱلۡعَدۡلِ وَأَقۡسِطُوٓاْۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُقۡسِطِينَ ٩ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ إِخۡوَةٞ
فَأَصۡلِحُواْ بَيۡنَ أَخَوَيۡكُمۡۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ
تُرۡحَمُونَ ١٠
9. And if two factions
among the believers should fight, then make settlement between the two. But if
one of them oppresses the other, then fight against the one that oppresses
until it returns to the ordinance of Allah. And if it returns, then make
settlement between them in justice and act justly. Indeed, Allah loves those
who act justly.
10. The believers are but brothers, so make
settlement between your brothers. And fear Allah that you may receive mercy.
Reference:
·
Mubarakfuri,
Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah.
Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.
·
Haekal, Muhammad
Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah
Hidup Muhammad.
·
Al-Mubarakfuriyy,
Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah,
Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.
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