Abdul Mutthalib was
around seventy years old when Abraha tried to destroy the Ka'bah (Kaaba).
Abraha comes from Yemen. He built a place of worship in Yemen to divert the
attention of people from the Kaaba in Mecca to Yemen. He intended that Yemen
would become crowded and the economy of trade would increase. But people still
only want to make a pilgrimage to Mecca, so Mecca remains crowded and becomes
the center of trade. This became the background of the attack of Abraha with his
elephant troops. Allah SWT thwarted his crime by sending a flock of birds that
dropped hot stones towards Abraha's troops. Then the troops were destroyed and
the Kaaba remained safe.
Surah
Al-Fil verses 1-5:
أَلَمۡ
تَرَ كَيۡفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصۡحَٰبِ ٱلۡفِيلِ
١ أَلَمۡ يَجۡعَلۡ كَيۡدَهُمۡ فِي تَضۡلِيلٖ ٢ وَأَرۡسَلَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ طَيۡرًا
أَبَابِيلَ ٣ تَرۡمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٖ مِّن
سِجِّيلٖ ٤ فَجَعَلَهُمۡ كَعَصۡفٖ
مَّأۡكُولِۢ ٥
1. Have you not considered, [O Muhammad], how
your Lord dealt with the companions of the elephant?
2. Did He not
make their plan into misguidance?
3. And He
sent against them birds in flocks,
4. Striking
them with stones of hard clay,
5. And He
made them like eaten straw.
One of Abdul Mutthalib's
sons named Abdullah was twenty-four years old and was ready to get married.
Abdul Mutthalib chose Aminah bint Wahab bin Abd Manaf bin Zuhra as a candidate
for Abdullah's wife who was also the same age. Abdul Mutthalib and Abdullah
visited the Zuhra family and met Wahb to propose to his daughter. There is
another opinion that they met Uhyab, Aminah's uncle, because Aminah's father
had died and Aminah was taken care of by his uncle. So a marriage took place
between Abdullah and Aminah.
Abdullah and Aminah
stayed for three days at Aminah's house, according to the custom of Arab
society that the marriage was held at the bride's family home. After that, they
moved to Abdul Mutthalib's house. Some time later, Abdullah went to Syria to
run a trading business, while Aminah was left in a state of pregnancy. Abdullah
also went to Gaza and returned again. Then Abdullah stopped at his mother's
brother's residence in Medina to rest after a long journey. Abdullah was about
to return to Mecca with a caravan, but he fell ill while at his mother's
brother's place. His friends left first to Mecca to leave him and they reported
the news that Abdullah was sick to Abdul Mutthalib.
After hearing the bad
news, Abdul Mutthalib ordered his eldest son named Harith to go to Medina
(Madinah) to be able to bring Abdullah home if he had recovered. But when he
arrived in Medina, Harith learned that Abdullah had died and had also been
buried, a month after the caravan headed to Mecca. Feeling sad, Harith returned
to Mecca and conveyed the sad news to his family. Abdul Mutthalib felt sad for
the death of his beloved son. Aminah also felt sad because the husband who was
the hope of happiness could not be with her and go away forever, especially
when she was pregnant.
Then, a Noble Prophet
named Muhammad was born on Monday morning, 12 Rabi'ul
Awwal, the year of the elephant (Fil). According to Christ's date is April 20,
571 AD. Prophet Muhammad was born orphaned.
Surat Adh-Dhuha verse
6:
أَلَمۡ
يَجِدۡكَ يَتِيمٗا فََٔاوَىٰ ٦
6. Did He not find you an orphan and give [you]
refuge?
Prophet Muhammad was
born from the tribe of Quraysh, the most respected tribe among the other tribes
in the Arab land during his time. In the tribe of Quraysh, he was a member of
the Banu Hashim, a tribal child who was also the most respected.
After Prophet Muhammad
was born, the happy news was conveyed to Abdul Mutthalib at the Kaaba (Ka'bah).
He was happy because sadness over the death of Abdullah had changed with the
presence of someone who could replace his father. Abdul Mutthalib immediately
met Aminah and her baby. Aminah handed the baby to Abdul Mutthalib, the
Prophet's grandfather. The grandfather felt grateful and happy to see his
grandson born safely. Then Abdul Mutthalib took the baby into the Kaaba. He
prayed and thanked Allah SWT for this gift. By his grandfather, the baby was
given the name Muhammad,the meaning is commendable/praiseworthy. The name is
not common among the Arab community, but is well known. Then Muhammad returned
to Aminah. Now they are waiting for someone from Banu Sa'ad who will
breast-feed Muhammad, this has become the custom of the Arab aristocrats in
Mecca.
On the seventh day of
birth, Abdul Mutthalib asked for camel slaughter. Then he invited the Quraysh
to eat. They asked why Abdullah's son was given the name Muhammad, not the
names of ancestors. Abdul Mutthalib replied, "I want him to be a person of
praise, to the Lord in the heavens and to His creatures on earth."
Reference:
·
Mubarakfuri,
Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah.
Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.
·
Haekal, Muhammad
Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah
Hidup Muhammad.
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