Prophet
Muhammad came out of his house on the night 27th in the month Safar in the 14th
year of prophethood. Then he visited his friend's house, Abu Bakr Ash-Shiddiq.
Then they came out through the back door, and immediately left Mecca before
dawn. This was the beginning of Rasulullah's struggle to migrate to Yathrib
(Medina) following the Meccan Muslims who had already migrated first. It was
there that Prophet Muhammad and the Muhajirin and Ansar would build the power
of Islam that could defeat evil.
Prophet
Muhammad realized that when the disbelievers of Quraysh learned that he had
migrated to Yathrib (Medina), they would seriously prevent it. And the first
thing they did was chase him through the path used to get to Yathrib, which is
to the north. So Rasulullah took the opposite path to the south, the direction
to the country of Yemen, to avoid the pursuit of the infidels of Quraish. He
and Abu Bakr continued for several miles, until they arrived at Mount Thawr, a
high mountain towering with steep roads and difficult to climb. Then at the
height of the mountain they rested in a cave called Cave of Thawr.
Before
entering the cave, Abu Bakr forbade Rasulullah to enter before himself, so that
if something dangerous happened then only Abu Bakr was hit by a problem. Then
after entering the cave, Abu Bakr saw many holes in it, so he tore the cloth to
clot the holes of the cave, and there were still two holes that left no
remaining cloth to chop it, then his legs were stretched out to cover the two
holes. After that Abu Bakr invited Rasulullah to enter.
So
Rasulullah entered the cave and lay down and slept on the bosom of Abu Bakr. As
proof of Abu Bakr's love for Rasulullah, he kept holding his legs to cover the
hole so that Rasulullah did not wake up from sleep. Even though Abu Bakr's feet
were pecked by something from the hole so that it hurt, he kept holding him
until his tears dripped and hit the face of Rasulullah until he awoke. After
knowing the cause, Rasulullah spat on Abu Bakr's leg until the pain
disappeared.
They
stayed in the cave for three nights, Friday, Saturday and Sunday nights. Every
night, Abdullah ibn Abu Bakr met both of them to deliver the news heard from
the Quraysh in the afternoon, then near dawn he returned home, so that in the
morning he was already among the people of Mecca without arousing suspicion. As
long as they were hiding, Abdullah was indeed in charge of listening to the
words of the Quraish infidels especially regarding Rasulullah.
Meanwhile,
Abu Bakar's slave named Amir ibn Fuhairah shepherded the goats around the place
and was tasked with providing the results of milking goat's milk and meat to
both of them, also to eliminate the traces of Abdullah ibn Abu Bakr by herding
the goats on the tread marks. In addition to Abdullah ibn Abu Bakr and Amir,
only the two daughters of Abu Bakr named Aisha and Asma knew of their hiding
places.
The
Quraysh were very agitated when they could not find Rasulullah until morning.
They immediately beat Ali ibn Abi Talib and he was dragged to the Kaaba
(Ka'bah) and held there for several hours, but they received no news from him.
They came to Abu Bakr's house and also did not find it. Asma' binti Abu Bakar,
who was then asked about the existence of Abu Bakr, said she did not know. Abu
Jahal slapped her hard until the Asma earrings were released.
Quraish
infidels kept trying to find Rasulullah. They saw the danger that threatened
them if they did not succeed in following Rasulullah and prevented him from
dealing with Yathrib. Rasulullah also continued to say the name of Allah while
in the cave. Only to God does he surrender his destiny and only to Him will all
matters come back. Abu Bakr was also aware of what was around him.
The
unbelievers of Quraysh immediately held a contest with a hundred camel prizes
for anyone who could capture Rasulullah, live or die. The young Quraysh carried
swords and sticks to find Rasulullah in all directions. Not far from Thaw's
cave, they met a shepherd and asked about the existence of Rasulullah he
replied, "Maybe they were in the cave, but I didn't see anyone going
there".
That
said, the Quraish infidels climbed the cave, then went down again. His other
friends asked, "Why don't you look inside the cave?"
Then
it was answered, "There are spiderwebs in that place, which have been
around since before Muhammad was born", "I saw two forest pigeons in
a cave hole, so I knew that nobody was there".
Before
it, Abu Bakr had seen their legs visible in the mouth of cave. If they just bow
a little, then they will be able to find Rasulullah. Abu Bakr, who was afraid,
was worried if they could find Rasulullah, but Rasulullah calmed him and said,
"What do you think o Abu Bakr with two people where the three is Allah
SWT". And finally the searchers left Thawr's cave.
The
infidels of Quraish was also increasingly convinced that there was no one in
the cave when there was a tree branch drooping at cave mouth. There is no way
into the cave other than by driving away the branches of the tree.
According
to history, after Rasulullah and Abu Bakr were in the cave, the spider
immediately made a spiderweb to cover them both, two pigeons were laying eggs
in the entrance, and a tree grew in a place where there were no trees.
The
Word of God in Surah At Taubah verse 40:
إِلَّا
تَنصُرُوهُ فَقَدۡ نَصَرَهُ ٱللَّهُ إِذۡ أَخۡرَجَهُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ثَانِيَ ٱثۡنَيۡنِ
إِذۡ هُمَا فِي ٱلۡغَارِ إِذۡ يَقُولُ لِصَٰحِبِهِۦ لَا تَحۡزَنۡ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ
مَعَنَاۖ فَأَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُۥ عَلَيۡهِ وَأَيَّدَهُۥ بِجُنُودٖ لَّمۡ
تَرَوۡهَا وَجَعَلَ كَلِمَةَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱلسُّفۡلَىٰۗ وَكَلِمَةُ ٱللَّهِ
هِيَ ٱلۡعُلۡيَاۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
٤٠
40. If you do not aid the
Prophet - Allah has already aided him when those who disbelieved had driven him
out [of Makkah] as one of two, when they were in the cave and he said to his
companion, "Do not grieve; indeed Allah is with us." And Allah sent down
his tranquillity upon him and supported him with angels you did not see and
made the word of those who disbelieved the lowest, while the word of Allah -
that is the highest. And Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise.
After
three days, the two of them came out of the cave and left by riding two camels
carried by the rented guides who also carried their own camels. Asma' also came
to bring food supplies for both of them. Because there was no rope to tie food
supplies, he took off his belt and cut it in half, one to tie the food and the
other to the belt. Then he was known as the Dzatunnithaqaini (Women who have
two belts). So under the protection of Allah SWT, they left for Yathrib until
they arrived there safely and happily.
Reference:
·
Mubarakfuri,
Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah.
Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.
·
Haekal, Muhammad
Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah
Hidup Muhammad.
·
Al-Mubarakfuriyy,
Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah,
Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.
·
Abu Muhammad
Abdul Malik bin Hisyam Al-Muafiri. Sirah
Nabawiyah Ibnu Hisyam. 2000. Jakarta Timur: Darul Falah.
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