THE STORY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD - Daumatul Jandal War

After the second Badr war, the war between Muslim forces and the Meccan polytheists which eventually did not take place, Prophet Muhammad and his companions returned to Medina. At that time Medina had returned safe and secure, the government led by the Prophet was getting stronger and more peaceful. Then Prophet Muhammad paid attention to the borders of the Arabian Peninsula further, so that the Muslims could master the situation that would be recognized by friends and foes.

About six months after the second Badr war, Prophet Muhammad got the news that the tribes around Daumatul Jandal liked to carry out robberies and seize people who passed through their area. It was even reported that they wanted to attack the city of Medina with the power they had gathered. Daumatul Jandal is an oasis located on the border of Hijaz-Sham, which lies midway between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.

Prophet Muhammad did not want to let this happen, it was necessary to take steps to deal with them. Previously, Muslim forces had faced their enemies in Dzatu ar-Riqa 'with a brilliant success. At that time, the enemies immediately ran helter-skelter without daring to fight when Muslim forces invaded their villages so that Muslim troops obtained the property and equipment they lived. Then, the evil plan of the residents of Daumatul Jandal must certainly be crushed by the struggle of the next Muslims by regaining victory. Of course their actions which harm various parties cannot just be left alone. Islam is a religion that teaches to defend the truth and help those who suffer from the crime of others. Especially if they have the power, then it has become an obligation for Muslims in Medina to invade the residents of Daumatul Jandal so that their crimes can be stopped.

For this reason, on the 25th of Rabiul Awal in the year 5 of the Hijriah, Prophet Muhammad immediately deployed a force of 1,000 to attack them suddenly. While the temporary leadership in Medina was handed over to Siba' bin Urfuthah Al Ghiffari. Rasulullah and the troops move at night and hide during the day in order to make a surprise attack.

When the residents of Daumatul Jandal suddenly learned that Muslim forces would come to them, they ran helter-skelter to avoid invading Muslim forces. Just heard the name, it turned out they were scared. When Rasulullah arrived in the area, it turned out that there was not even an opponent who was met because they had run away. Daumatul Jandal residents abandoned property in their settlements and were eventually taken by Muslim forces as booty, such as livestock.

When looking at the geographical location of Daumatul Jandal, it can be seen that when in the year 5 Hijrah after the Prophet's emigration to Medina, it turned out that the area of influence of Rasulullah and Muslims was so extensive that it reached the Hijaz border with Sham. It turned out that the influence of the Muslims was so far away and maybe the whole peninsula was feeling reluctant and afraid of Rasulullah and his companions. Today's Muslims can see that how Muslims at that time bear all kinds of burdens in various attempts to uphold Islam on earth. They do not care about the scorching heat that burns the skin in the middle of the vast desert, dry and arid land that rarely has shade trees, water is difficult to obtain, there are no buildings, communication devices, or transportation equipment that provides comfort and convenience like today, even they are willing to sacrifice even die if for the sake of truth. Only one thing is able to move them to achieve such results, which has encouraged them, namely the determination of faith, faith that is only to God alone.

Thus, by being able to overcome various threats and obstacles, Rasulullah could control the state of Medina. The dangers in the internal city of Medina can also be overcome, so that the position of the Muslims is getting stronger. After the Daumatul Jandal expedition, it was time for Rasulullah to rest for a while in the city of Medina for the next several months, which would later face Quraysh in the Ahzab war. During this period of calm, Rasulullah carried out the command of Allah SWT to complete a new society of Muslim communities, an organization which at that time included thousands of people who would later develop into millions and even more than 1 billion. In the structure of society, Rasulullah acted in a manner that was so good and careful, in accordance with the revelations of Allah SWT which he received, and his own determination about various things in accordance with the commands and teachings in Islam, with detailed provisions which the companions carried out with good, until then it remains valid throughout the ages from generation to generation. The Qur'an in which there is no doubt and will not be entered into falsehood from any direction, from the beginning to the next.

Reference:

·         Mubarakfuri, Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah. Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.

·         Haekal, Muhammad Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.

·         Al-Mubarakfuriyy, Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah, Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.

·         Abu Muhammad Abdul Malik bin Hisyam Al-Muafiri. Sirah Nabawiyah Ibnu Hisyam. 2000. Jakarta Timur: Darul Falah.

THE STORY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD - Dzatu ar-Riqa' War

After the Banu Nadhir war which resulted in the Muslims being able to make the Banu Nadhir of Jews out of Medina because they were about to betray Prophet Muhammad, Prophet Muhammad lived in Medina during the month of Rabiul Awal and part of Jumadil Ula in the 4th year of Hijrah. The hypocrites try not to be hostile towards the Muslims in a blatant manner. Then Prophet Muhammad and the Muslim party will try to stem the attack of other Arab tribes who tried to fight the Muslims.

After that, he received news that there was a group in Ghatafan in Najd who wanted to attack him. Prophet Muhammad always had a tactic to ambush the enemy suddenly before the enemy got ready to defend himself. Then, he went to Najd with 400 people to fight against the Banu Muharib and the Banu Tha'labah from Ghatafan. He appointed Abu Dhar Al Ghifari to become a temporary imam in the city of Medina. There are also those who say that Prophet Muhammad gave a message to Uthman ibn Affan to become a temporary imam in the city of Medina.

According to Ibn Hisham, the war was called the war of Dzatu ar-Riqa' because the Muslims sewed and repaired the war banners there. But there is also another opinion that it is called the Dzatu ar-Riqa' war because Dzatu ar-Riqa' is the name of a tree in the region. Wallahu A'lam (Allah knows best).

In Dzatu ar-Riqa', Rasulullah faced a very large number of Ghatafan forces. But there was no real war between them, because each party was equally worried about the other party so that Rasulullah worked on Prayer Khauf (meaning fear) with his friends. Another history states that when Banu Muharib and Banu Tha'labah had gathered, the army of Rasulullah immediately invaded their places so that they ran away leaving property, women and children behind. What can be carried by the Muslims, then they bring it back to Medina.

However, because the Muslims are worried that if the enemy will strike back, they take care of them alternately during the day and night. It was then that they performed the Khauf prayer which was led by Rasulullah. Some of them face the enemy in order to anticipate enemy attacks if they occur, while the others pray two raka'at with Rasulullah. But during that time there was no visible enemy movement. Then Rasulullah and his companions returned to Medina after 15 days leaving the city. They returned successfully with joy.

Ibn Hisham said: Abdul Warith ibn Said At Tannuri whose real name was Abu Ubaidah told me that Yunus ibn Ubaid said to me from Al Hasan ibn Abu Al Hasan from Jabir ibn Abdullah who said about Prayer Khauf: Rasulullah Shallallahu 'Alaihi wa Sallam performed Prayer Khauf two raka'at with two groups in turn. First he prayed with the first group then salam (greetings), then the group that had been facing the enemy came and then Rasulullah again prayed the other two raka'at together with them then greetings.

Ibn Hisham said: Abdul Warith ibn Sa'id ibn At Tannuri said to me that Ayyub said to him from Nafi 'from Ibn Umar who said: The Imam performed prayers with the first shaf standing with him while the second shaf faced the enemy, then imam ruku' and prostration followed first shaf, then they move back and replace the shaf that was facing the enemy, then the second shaf comes forward, then the imam ruku 'with them one raka'at and prostrates with them, then each prayer shafat one raka'at itself -own. So each shaf prayer one raka'at with the imam and they pray one raka'at alone.

Reference:

·         Haekal, Muhammad Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.

·         Al-Mubarakfuriyy, Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah, Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.

·         Abu Muhammad Abdul Malik bin Hisyam Al-Muafiri. Sirah Nabawiyah Ibnu Hisyam. 2000. Jakarta Timur: Darul Falah.

THE STORY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD - The Second Badar War That Did Not Be

In the Month Sha'ban in the year 4 Hijriah, Prophet Muhammad along with 1500 of his troops left for Badr to fight again against the idolaters. Before the Uhud war was over, the two troops had made an appointment to meet again in the next battle at Badr.

Previously after the Banu Nadhir event from the Jews came out of Medina, the Muslims felt the burden had been reduced because they did not need to worry about the hypocrites. The Muhajirites were pleased to have acquired land from the former property of the Nadhir people. The Ansar also rejoiced that the Muhajirin had lived independently without needing to depend on them. They feel relieved and for a while they live quiet, safe, and peaceful lives. In such conditions, about a year after the Uhud war, Prophet Muhammad recalled the words of Abu Sufyan at the time of the battle of Uhud, "What is now for the Badr war. See you next year!". That is, after the polytheists were defeated by the Muslims at the first Badar Kubro War, the polytheists could defeat the Muslims in the battle of Uhud as revenge. He also invited Prophet Muhammad to fight again at Badr. But in that year there was a dry season (famine). Actually Abu Sufyan hoped that the war would be held at another time.Then, Abu Sufyan sent Nusaim ibn Mas'ud to Madinah to deliver a message to the Muslims that the Quraysh had deployed large numbers of troops that had never happened before in Arabia. The polytheists were ready to attack the Muslims until they were destroyed without remainder. It seems that there are Muslims who want to avoid that danger. Many of them were reluctant to go to Badr to fight. Rasulullah was angry when he learned the attitudes of the weak Muslims. He swore by telling them that he would go to Badr even though he was alone. Finally, all doubts and feelings of the Muslims soon disappeared. The Muslims immediately get ready to prepare various equipment and carry weapons and go to Badr. Rasulullah handed over the leadership of the city of Medina temporarily to Abdullah inn Abdullah ibn Ubay ibn Salul. He was a faithful Muslim, different from his father who was a hypocritical figure until the end of his life. When the Muslims arrived at Badr, they waited for the arrival of the Quraish polytheists to be vigilant and ready to fight.

Meanwhile, Abu Sufyan departed from Mecca with 2000 idolaters of Mecca. But Abu Sufyan departed reluctantly because of concerns about the consequences of the war against the Muslims. After two days of traveling, Abu Sufyan thought that he should just go home. So he made a decision on the way to return to Mecca and not go to war. He said, "O my brothers from Quraysh, actually what is suitable for us is only in the fertile season, while we are facing a dry season. I decided to go home. Then just go home." So his troops also decided to go home just because they seemed to have the same concerns.

Meanwhile, Rasulullah and the Muslim army continued to wait for the arrival of the Quraysh polytheists for eight days at Badr. There they also can still use the time to trade and make a profit. Then they returned to Medina feeling happy, because besides fighting did not occur, they also benefited from being a gift from Allah SWT. Because of that event, the Muslims again gained their confidence and authority and were able to control the situation. Then comes the word of Allah SWT in Surah Ali Imran verses 168-175:

ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُواْ لِإِخۡوَٰنِهِمۡ وَقَعَدُواْ لَوۡ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُواْۗ قُلۡ فَٱدۡرَءُواْ عَنۡ أَنفُسِكُمُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ  ١٦٨ وَلَا تَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ قُتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَمۡوَٰتَۢاۚ بَلۡ أَحۡيَآءٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ يُرۡزَقُونَ  ١٦٩ فَرِحِينَ بِمَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ وَيَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ بِٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَلۡحَقُواْ بِهِم مِّنۡ خَلۡفِهِمۡ أَلَّا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ  ١٧٠ ۞يَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ بِنِعۡمَةٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَفَضۡلٖ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجۡرَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ  ١٧١ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَجَابُواْ لِلَّهِ وَٱلرَّسُولِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَآ أَصَابَهُمُ ٱلۡقَرۡحُۚ لِلَّذِينَ أَحۡسَنُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ وَٱتَّقَوۡاْ أَجۡرٌ عَظِيمٌ  ١٧٢ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالَ لَهُمُ ٱلنَّاسُ إِنَّ ٱلنَّاسَ قَدۡ جَمَعُواْ لَكُمۡ فَٱخۡشَوۡهُمۡ فَزَادَهُمۡ إِيمَٰنٗا وَقَالُواْ حَسۡبُنَا ٱللَّهُ وَنِعۡمَ ٱلۡوَكِيلُ  ١٧٣ فَٱنقَلَبُواْ بِنِعۡمَةٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَفَضۡلٖ لَّمۡ يَمۡسَسۡهُمۡ سُوٓءٞ وَٱتَّبَعُواْ رِضۡوَٰنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ ذُو فَضۡلٍ عَظِيمٍ  ١٧٤ إِنَّمَا ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ يُخَوِّفُ أَوۡلِيَآءَهُۥ فَلَا تَخَافُوهُمۡ وَخَافُونِ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ  ١٧٥

168.  Those who said about their brothers while sitting [at home], "If they had obeyed us, they would not have been killed." Say, "Then prevent death from yourselves, if you should be truthful."

169.  And never think of those who have been killed in the cause of Allah as dead. Rather, they are alive with their Lord, receiving provision,

170.  Rejoicing in what Allah has bestowed upon them of His bounty, and they receive good tidings about those [to be martyred] after them who have not yet joined them - that there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve.

171.  They receive good tidings of favor from Allah and bounty and [of the fact] that Allah does not allow the reward of believers to be lost -

172.  Those [believers] who responded to Allah and the Messenger after injury had struck them. For those who did good among them and feared Allah is a great reward -

173.  Those to whom hypocrites said, "Indeed, the people have gathered against you, so fear them." But it [merely] increased them in faith, and they said, "Sufficient for us is Allah, and [He is] the best Disposer of affairs."

174.  So they returned with favor from Allah and bounty, no harm having touched them. And they pursued the pleasure of Allah, and Allah is the possessor of great bounty.

175.  That is only Satan who frightens [you] of his supporters. So fear them not, but fear Me, if you are [indeed] believers.

In this way, the unrealized last Badr war completely erased the influence of the Uhud war. The Quraysh polytheists seemed to be waiting for another opportunity with them to remain tainted because of cowardice that was no better than their defeat at the first Badr war. Prophet Muhammad was grateful for having received the help of Allah SWT and his heart felt secure because the authority of the Muslims had returned. But they remained vigilant against all the tricks of the enemy and always watched various directions until finally they got the real victory with the perfection of the religion of Islam.

Reference:

·         Mubarakfuri, Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah. Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.

·         Haekal, Muhammad Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.

THE STORY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD - Banu Nadir War

The Banu Nadir event took place in the month of Rabiul Awal in the 4th year of Hijrah. The background of the Nadir war was when Jews made a malicious plan to kill Prophet Muhammad. One day Prophet Muhammad and Abu Bakr, Umar, Ali, and other companions were in the village of Banu Nadir. He wanted to ask them to pay a portion of the diyat (blood ransom) that was to be paid to the family of two Bani Amir people who were killed by Amr ibn Umaiyyah for misunderstanding after the Bi'r Ma'unah tragedy. According to the Medina agreement, the Jews must share together for the ransom. Some Jews want to obey and ask that he wait. At that time there were Jews who planned to kill him by dropping a large stone on the head of Prophet Muhammad from the top of the house. Amr ibn Jahasy was the one who wanted to do it. But by God's will, the angel Gabriel (Jibril) told Prophet Muhammad about their plans, then he immediately left the village of Banu Nadir. Then Prophet Muhammad explained to the Companions about the plan of the Jews to kill him. Jews indeed hate and revenge against Islam and Muslims. They are not experts in warfare, but they are experts in deception and conspiracy.

Then Rasulullah immediately ordered Muhammad ibn Maslamah to deliver Rasulullah's decision to the Banu Nadir due to the evil plan they wished to do. Rasulullah gave an ultimatum to get them out of Medina in 10 days. After that, if there are still those who have not yet left their village, they will be killed.

Initially Banu Nadir was willing to obey the Prophet's decision and was getting ready to leave the place. They already feel hopeless. But a hypocritical figure named Abdullah ibn Ubay told two people to provoke Banu Nadir to remain in their village while taking refuge in their fortress. Abdullah ibn Ubay promised to bring in 2,000 soldiers who were ready to help them fight the Muslims to the point of death. He also said that Banu Quraizah and Banu Gathafan were ready to help.

Allah SWT explained the incident in the Surah Al Hashr verse 11:

۞أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ نَافَقُواْ يَقُولُونَ لِإِخۡوَٰنِهِمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لَئِنۡ أُخۡرِجۡتُمۡ لَنَخۡرُجَنَّ مَعَكُمۡ وَلَا نُطِيعُ فِيكُمۡ أَحَدًا أَبَدٗا وَإِن قُوتِلۡتُمۡ لَنَنصُرَنَّكُمۡ وَٱللَّهُ يَشۡهَدُ إِنَّهُمۡ لَكَٰذِبُونَ  ١١

11.  Have you not considered those who practice hypocrisy, saying to their brothers who have disbelieved among the People of the Scripture, "If you are expelled, we will surely leave with you, and we will not obey, in regard to you, anyone - ever; and if you are fought, we will surely aid you." But Allah testifies that they are liars.

Initially the Banu Nadir were still discuss about the statement from Abdullah ibn Ubay. They are still confused. Some did not believe Abdullah ibn Ubay at all. However, Huyayy ibn Akhtab, leader of the Banu Nadir, decided not to leave Medina and instead wanted to tell Rasulullah that they would not leave their villages and property. The Nadirs canceled their departure after provoked Abdullah ibn Ubay. Finally they remained in the fort and even dared to challenge Rasulullah to do anything. Actually Muslims feel heavy facing the Banu Nadir, because Banu Nadir has a strong fortress and is blocked by date palm plantations, so it is very risky if carried out attacks. But their grief due to the tragedy of betrayal at Bi'r Ma'unah earlier made them determined to fight Banu Nadir even though it was heavy.

Rasulullah and his troops left for the Bani Nadir village. Ali ibn Abi Talib was assigned to carry the troop banner and affairs in Medina were handed over to Abdullah ibn Umi Maktum. Arriving there, the Muslims immediately surrounded their residence. Jews of the Banu Nadir immediately took refuge in the fortress while throwing arrows and stones at the Muslims. Their defense is also difficult to penetrate because of the thick trees around their fort. So Rasulullah ordered to cut down the trees.

Surat Al Hashr verse 5:

مَا قَطَعۡتُم مِّن لِّينَةٍ أَوۡ تَرَكۡتُمُوهَا قَآئِمَةً عَلَىٰٓ أُصُولِهَا فَبِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ وَلِيُخۡزِيَ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ  ٥

5.  Whatever you have cut down of [their] palm trees or left standing on their trunks - it was by permission of Allah and so He would disgrace the defiantly disobedient.

As it turned out, the assistance promised by Abdullah ibn Ubay had never come to the place of the Bani Nadir because it was merely nonsense. So the Banu Nadir became frightened and would only get a worse fate if they continued to argue. In less than 15 days of siege, they finally gave up and accepted the decision to leave the city of Medina provided they could bring their wives and their belongings except weapons. Rasulullah granted their request on the condition that every three people get one camel with a cargo of property and may carry supplies of food and drink at will. Then the Banu Nadir were driven out of the city of Medina while carrying their property and the humiliation of their betrayal. Some stopped at Khaibar and some arrived in the Sham region.

The property they left behind belonged to the Muslims which consisted of crops, 50 armor, 340 swords and their land. But their land is not included as a spoils of war and cannot be distributed to the Muslims.Rasulullah determined the distribution based on his wisdom. The land was distributed to Muhajirin groups after there was a special section that became the poor's rights. So the Muhajirites do not need to accept the assistance of the Ansar and they already have their own rights. From the Ansar side there was Abu Dujana and Sahl ibn Hunaif who were part of the land because they were registered as poor people. There are also two Bani Nadirs who converted to Islam because of property so that they could get their property back.

Presented by

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Referensi:

·         Mubarakfuri, Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, dan Haidir, Abdullah (Penerjemah). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah. Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.

·         Haekal, Muhammad Husain, dan Audah, Ali (Penerjemah). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.

·         Al-Mubarakfuriyy, Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah, Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.

·         Abu Muhammad Abdul Malik bin Hisyam Al-Muafiri. Sirah Nabawiyah Ibnu Hisyam. 2000. Jakarta Timur: Darul Falah.

THE STORY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD - The Heartbreaking Bi’ru Ma’unah Tragedy

In the month of Safar in the 4th year of Hijrah, in addition to the Ar Raji tragedy that occurred in that month, there was also a more heartbreaking tragedy that also happened that month, the Bi'ru Ma'unah tragedy. This event began with the request of Abu Barra' ibn ‘Amir ibn Malik who was a spear expert. He met Prophet Muhammad in Medina. Prophet Muhammad offered Islam to him and preached him. Abu Barra' refused to convert to Islam but he still supported Islam. He said, "If there are your friends who can be sent to Najd and invite them to accept your religion, I hope that they will accept it". Prophet Muhammad said, "I am worried if the people of Najd can do evil to my friends at any time". Of course this concern is based on the events that befell Khubaib and his friends during the Ar Raji tragedy. Abu Barra’ said," I will provide protection for them. Then send them to deliver your message to the people there".

Abu Barra' is a person who is adhered to in his community and his words are heard by them. Whoever has been given protection by him, he will not worry about getting an attack from another party.

So Rasulullah sent Al Mundzir ibn Amr from Banu Saidah who led forty people of the Companions of the Prophet who were the chosen and best people of the Muslims. Then they left until the journey arrived at Bi'ru Maunah, located between the areas of Banu Amir and Banu Sulaim, and they stopped at that place. Then they sent Haram ibn Milhan to deliver Rasulullah's letter to the enemy of Allah, Amir ibn At Tufail. When Haram ibn Milhan arrived there, Amir ibn At Tufail did not open the Prophet's letter, but instead killed Haram ibn Milhan. It is said, Haram had said, "Allah is Great, I have been fortunate for the sake of (Allah) the Lord of Ka'bah (Kaaba)".

Amir ibn At Tufail provoked his people, the Banu Amir, to attack the representatives of Rasulullah, but they refused his orders. They said, "We will never betray Abu Barra's promise." Indeed there is an agreement that Abu Barra' to protect the representatives of Rasulullah, but Amir ibn At Tufail did not give up. He continued to provoke the tribes of the Banu Sulaim like Usaiyyah, Ri'l, and Dzakawan to attack the representatives of Rasulullah and apparently they welcomed him. Then there was a battle between them and the representatives of the Prophet. All envoys were killed except Ka'ab ibn Zaid of the Banu Dinar An-Najjar, because the tribes of the Banu Sulaim left him in a state between life and death. Ka'ab ibn Zaid was seriously injured but still alive. Ka'ab ibn Zaid who still survived returned to Medina. He was just martyred during the Khandaq war.

There were two Muslims named Amr ibn Umaiyyah Adh Dhamri and one of the Ansar from Banu Amr ibn Auf named Al Mundzir ibn Muhammad. They did not know about the calamity that had befallen the companions of the Prophet until they saw birds flying above the place of tragedy. Both of them said, "By Allah, the presence of these birds signifies something". Then the two walked to the location to find out what had really happened. When they saw the Prophet's representatives covered in blood while their horses stood up, then Al Mundzir said to Amr ibn Umaiyyah, "What do you think?". Amr ibn Umaiyyah said, "I think that we should immediately approach Rasulullah to explain what we have seen". Al Mundzir ibn Muhammad said, "While I am happy with the place where the death of Al Mundzir ibn Amr and what happened to me will surely be notified by the people". After that, the friend of the Ansar fought the tribes of the Banu Sulaim until they were killed, while Amr ibn Umaiyyah was arrested. When Amr ibn Umaiyyah told them that he was from Mudhar, Amir ibn At Tufail freed him and shaved his head on his head.

When Amr ibn Umaiyyah walked, on the way he met two people from the Banu Amir. The two men stopped by at Amr ibn Umaiyyah and took shelter under a tree. Amr ibn Umaiyyah did not know that Banu Amir had made an agreement with the Prophet. Amr ibn Umaiyyah asked both of them, "Where are you two from?" Both of them answered, "We are from Banu Amir". Then Amr ibn Umaiyyah waited until the two had fallen asleep and finished both of them. He assumed that what he had done was able to avenge the actions of the people of Banu Amir because they thought they had killed the companions of the Prophet. When Amr ibn Umaiyyah arrived at the place of Rasulullah and explained what he experienced, Rasulullah said, "Indeed, you have killed two people and I will pay diyat (ransom) to their families". He said again, "All this happened because of Abu Barra', I really did not like it and I was worried before".

When the words of Rasulullah reached the ears of Abu Barra, he was furious at Amir ibn At-Tufail for his brutal actions for underestimating his agreement with Rasulullah and felt that the heartbreaking tragedy that had befallen the companions of the Prophet was due to his actions and protection.

So deep was the sorrow of Rasulullah that a full month after every Subuh prayer he prayed to God to repay those who had killed friends. This is what is called Qunut Nazilah. All Muslims also feel sadness because of the calamity that has befallen their fellow believers, even though they believe that they are martyred and will enter heaven.

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Mockup Betterpad-Ray Libraripedia

(Benteng Terpadu Raya / Great Integrated Fortress)

Reference:

·         Mubarakfuri, Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah. Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.

·         Haekal, Muhammad Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.

·         Al-Mubarakfuriyy, Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah, Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.

·         Abu Muhammad Abdul Malik bin Hisyam Al-Muafiri. Sirah Nabawiyah Ibnu Hisyam. 2000. Jakarta Timur: Darul Falah.

THE STORY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD - Ar Raji' Tragedy, a Trap

In the month of Safar in the year 4 of Hijrah, came representatives from Adhal and Al Qarah to meet Prophet Muhammad in Medina. They said to him, "O Messenger of Allah, in fact among us there are some people who have converted to Islam. Therefore, we ask that you be willing to send some of your best friends to teach religion, read the Qur'an, and teach Islamic law to us".

Prophet Muhammad was willing to do it and sent six friends who were also to accompany the return trip of the Adhal and Al Qarah representatives to their place of origin. The six friends were Marthad ibn Abu Marthad Al Ghanawi, Khalid ibn Bukair Al Laithi, Asim ibn Thabit, Khubaib ibn Adi, Zaid ibn Ad Dathinah, and Abdullah ibn Toriq. Prophet Muhammad appointed Marthad ibn Abu Marthad as leader of the group of six friends. Then the six companions of the Prophet and the representatives of the Adhal and Al Qarah departed together.

When they arrived at Ar Raji ', the name of a Hudzail spring from the direction of the Hijaz, suddenly the representatives of Adhal and Al Qarah committed betrayal to the six Companions of the Prophet and shouted for help from the Hudzail people. Adhal and Al Qarah representatives said to the six companions of the Prophet, "By Allah, we have no intention of killing you. We only want to get something from the Quraysh people by holding you back. You are entitled to God's promise that we will not kill you even if only one ". Marthad ibn Abu Marthad, Khalid ibn Al Bukair, and Asim ibn Thabit said, "By Allah, we do not accept promises or agreements from the idolaters forever".

So the three men fought the Hudzail people until they were killed. According to Ibn Ishaq, when Asim ibn Thabit was killed, Hudzail's men wanted to take their heads for sale to Sulafah bint Sa'ad bin Shahid. Previously, Sulafah vowed after his two children were killed at the battle of Uhud, that if he could take the head of Asim ibn Thabit, he would pour liquor on his skull. But his desire was prevented by the swarming bees that drove out the Hudzail people so they could not approach the body of Asim ibn Thabit. They said, "Leave the bees until evening. If the bees have left, we take the body". But there was a great flood that washed away Asim's body. Previously, Asim swore that he would never be touched by polytheists and he did not touch him forever because the polytheists were unclean.

While Zaid ibn Ad Dathinah, Khubaib ibn Adi, and Abdullah ibn Toriq felt unable to do anything so they surrendered themselves and were taken prisoner by the Hudzail people. Then the Hudzail people took the three to Mecca for sale there. When they arrived at Dahran, still on their way, suddenly Abdullah ibn Toriq tried to break away and take the sword. But the people of Hudzail did not leave him alone and struck him with stones until he died. So Abdullah ibn Toriq's grave is now in Dahran. Meanwhile the Hudzail people continued their journey to the city of Mecca while carrying Khubaib ibn Adi and Zaid ibn Ad Dathinah. The Hudzail people offered both of them to the Quraysh to be exchanged with two prisoners of the Hudzail in Mecca.

Khubaib ibn Adi was bought by Abu Ihab At Tamimi. He deliberately bought it to be killed as revenge for the death of his father. Khubaib ibn Adi was dragged by the Quraysh to the outside of Mecca, in Ta'nim and he was to be crucified. Khubaib said to them, "Can I pray two rak'ahs first before killing me?" They said, "Please". Then Khubaib does two rak'ah prayers well and perfectly. After that, Khubaib met them and said, "For God's sake, if you won't think that I'm afraid to die by extending my prayer time, then I extend the time".

Then the Quraysh lifted him to the wood. When they tied him up, Khubaib said, "O Allah, we have actually conveyed the message of Your Prophet. So tell him what they did to me tomorrow. O God, make sure they number, destroy them separately, and don't let any of them be saved ".

Abu Sufyan said to him, "Do you like if Muhammad is now by our side and we slash his neck while you are with your family".

Khubaib replied, "By Allah, really I am not willing if I am with my family, while Muhammad is in his place exposed to thorns that hurt him".

Then Khubaib was killed.

While Zaid ibn Ad Dathinah was bought by Safwan ibn Umayyah to be killed as revenge for the death of his father, Umayyah bibn Khalaf. Safwan ordered his slave named Nisthas to bring Zaid ibn Ad Dathinah with the Quraysh to a place and Zaid was killed by Nisthas.

Both had died as martyrs, for religion and for the Prophet. The two holy souls returned to their God. In fact, they can actually save themselves from the murder if they want to leave the religion of Islam. But their belief in Allah SWT and the end of the day, the belief that every soul will get a reward according to their actions, they believe that the best purpose in life is for the faith, for the sake of faith, and for the sake of truth. They believe that their blood spilled into the earth is a process so that Muslims are able to enter the city of Mecca as the victorious party and restore the sanctity of the Ka'bah / Kaaba as the house of God.

Presented by

Mockup Betterpad-Ray Libraripedia

(Benteng Terpadu Raya / Great Integrated Fortress) 

Reference:

·         Mubarakfuri, Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah. Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.

·         Haekal, Muhammad Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.

·         Al-Mubarakfuriyy, Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah, Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.

·         Abu Muhammad Abdul Malik bin Hisyam Al-Muafiri. Sirah Nabawiyah Ibnu Hisyam. 2000. Jakarta Timur: Darul Falah.

THE STORY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD - Events after the Battle of Uhud: Attacks of Banu Asad and Plans of Attack of Khalid ibn Sufyan Al Hudhali

After the Uhud war that made the Muslims feel sadness, they felt that the city of Medina had felt strange and there were still enemies who were chasing them. The defeat of the Muslims made their authority decline, no longer respected, and felt pressure from various parties. So they were always on standby and had a chance to confront Abu Sufyan's group from the polytheists of Quraysh who would return to Medina to finish off the remaining Muslims. But the fighting did not occur because Abu Sufyan's group felt they did not dare to face the more zealous Muslims.

The Muslims saw the situation of Medina which had undergone many changes and Prophet Muhammad remained in power in the city of Medina. However, Jews and hypocrites began to bravely oppose the Prophet Muhammad openly. At that time, the situation became increasingly precarious, not only in the city of Medina, even the other Arab tribes who felt frightened against Muslim rule. The defeat of the Muslim forces at Uhud made the Arab tribes want to oppose Muslim rule and hold resistance. Muslims as if they were considered helpless. So Prophet Muhammad tried to keep up with the news around the inhabitants of Medina and the Arabs, so that the Muslims gained position, strength, and honor back as before. Prophet Muhammad was always wise in determining the direction of life of the Muslims.

The first news that arrived at Rasulullah after the Battle of Uhud was about two brothers namely Tulaiha and Salama ibn Khuwailid, both leaders of Banu Asad at that time, were gathering strength with the community and those who obeyed to both of them to attack Medina and invade the Muslims to in homes to obtain property and seize the livestock of the Muslims who are in the fields around the city of Medina. They did this preparation two months after the battle of Uhud. They dared to plan this because they thought that Rasulullah and the Muslims were still suffering from losing at the Battle of Uhud.

After Rasulullah knew of this evil plan, he immediately summoned Abu Salama ibn Abdul Asad to lead an army of 150 person from Muhajirins and Ansars, including Abu Ubaida ibn Al Jarrah, Sa'ad ibn Abi Waqqash, and Usaid ibn Hudhair. They were ordered to walk at night and hide during the day through a road that was not commonly used by people, so that their movements and traces were unknown to the enemy. That way they can attack suddenly and ambush the enemy. Abu Salama carried out this task well. His troops managed to attack the enemy in an unprepared state. The enemy forces have been besieged at very early morning. Enemies are no longer able to survive. Two troops were immediately deployed to chase them and seize the existing spoils of war. Abu Salama and other troops waited for the troops to be sent along with the spoils they were carrying. In this way, one of the enemies has been defeated.

Then the spoils were taken one-fifth in advance for God, Rasulullah, the poor, and the travelers (essentially, one-fifth of this part was for struggle and almsgiving in the Islamic religion). The other part was shared by their fellow men, then they returned to Medina with victory. The honor that faded somewhat because of the defeat at Uhud, at that time had begun to return again. But Abu Salama did not live long after the expedition. He suffered injuries that were not completely healed because of the war of Uhud. He continued to carry out the Prophet's instructions earnestly so that his wounds were open and bleeding again. Finally, the wound he suffered caused him to die.

Then after that, in Muharram in the year 4 of the Hijrah, Rasulullah also received news again that Khalid ibn Sufyan ibn Nubaih Al Hudhali who lived in Nakhla or in 'Urana had gathered people to attack Rasulullah. So Rasulullah ordered Abdullah ibn Unais to research and check the truth of the news. Abdullah walked to the place where Khalid was at home with his wives. He arrived there in the last week of Muharram. Khalid who saw Abdullah's arrival asked, "Who are you?" Abdullah replied, "I am from the Arab group too. I heard that you wanted to gather people to attack Muhammad, so I came here ".

Khalid told the truth that he was indeed gathering people to invade Medina. Abdullah had already confirmed that Khalid was not with his subordinates, except only with his wives. So Abdullah sought a way for Khalid to be invited along. When Abdullah got the chance, he hit Khalid with his sword until Khalid was killed. His wives were gathering in tears. Then Abdullah returned to Medina and delivered the news to Rasulullah. That said, Rasulullah gave Abdullah a stick for his success in killing Khalid. He said, "This is the sign of my relationship with you until the Day of Judgment". It was reported that when Abdullah met his death, he had ordered that the stick be with his body.

These are the efforts of Rasulullah to ward off any threats that approach the Muslims. This is done so that the Muslims are still able to maintain authority and show their strength. These threats can endanger the Muslims and the spread of Islam if left unchecked. The aim of Rasulullah in the struggle so far was to spread the religion of Islam and tell that God is the Almighty God and only He is worthy of worship. This goal may not be blocked by anyone and anything. So anyone who opposes the oneness of God must be exterminated.

Presented by

Mockup Betterpad-Ray Libraripedia

(Benteng Terpadu Raya / Great Integrated Fortress) 

Reference:

·         Mubarakfuri, Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah. Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.

·         Haekal, Muhammad Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.

·         Al-Mubarakfuriyy, Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah, Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.