Sunday, January 13, 2019

THE STORY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD - Fijar War and Hilful-Fudhul Agreement

Muhammad had known weapons and battles when he was young. When Muhammad was around fifteen, there was a war called the Fijar war (war of violations), because it violated the honor of the Haram months, the holy months that were respected and glorified. In those months it should not be possible to fight. The warring party was the Quraysh tribe who allied themselves with Banu Kinanah against the Qais-Ailan tribe (by Banu Hawazin). The warlord who led Quraysh and Kinanah was Harb bin Umayyah because of his status in society, apart from being an age factor. If it is still early morning the victory will be on the side of Qais-Ailan, but if it is already noon the victory is in the hands of Quraysh-Kinanah. It is said that young Muhammad participated in the Fijar war and was tasked with preparing arrow tools for his uncles.

The background of the Fijar war is the occurrence of a murder. At the time of the trade week held in Ukaz, at that time there was trade from many regions, discussing, then making a pilgrimage to their idols on the Kaaba. Someone named Nu'man bin Al-Mundhir sent a caravan from Al Hirah to ‘Ukaz with various merchandise. Barradz bin Qais offered to protect the caravan under the supervision of Banu Kinanah. Then, ‘Urwa ar-Rahhal bin‘ Utba from Banu Hawazin also offered protection to the caravan from the Najd road to the Hijaz. Nu'man's choice of Urwa made Barradz annoyed. So Barradz killed Urwa and two people with him. Then Barradz told Bashar bin Abi Hazim that Hawazin would take revenge on Quraysh. Banu Hawazin also immediately confronted Quraysh before the entry of the holy month. So there was a war between them. Banu Hawazin announced that next year the war will be held at ‘Ukaz. This war continued for four years. According to history, actually in one year, this war only lasted a few days. At other times they remain active as usual. There is a rule, that is, the party whose victims have less to pay compensation to the party with more victims.

After the Fijar War ends, the warring party enters into an agreement in the month of Dzulqaidah, one of the holy months / month of Haram. The tribes of the Quraysh party took part in this agreement, including Banu Hashim, Zuhra, and Taym. They gathered at the house of Abdullah bin Jud'an At-Taimi because of the respectable position and the age factor considered the oldest.

This agreement resulted in an agreement that they agreed and promised in the name of God to side with anyone from the tyrannical inhabitants of Mecca. They will continue to punish the wrongdoers so that they / he / she want to return the rights of the oppressed party. Muhammad was also present in this agreement and praised the results of the agreement, even when he became an Messenger he kept remembering it. He said: "I have witnessed the peace agreement at Abdullah bin Jud'an's house which I love more than the red camel. If I were invited again after the Islamic period, surely I would fulfill it. "

It is known that there is a factor in holding the agreement. One day a man from Zabid (a tribe from Yemen) entered the city of Mecca with various merchandise. The goods were sold to Al A'as ibnu Wail Al-Sahmi, but were not paid. The man from Zabid asked for help from the Quraysh figures, but they did not want to help him. So Zabid's man climbed the Abi Qubais hill by shouting his problem. Al Zubair ibn Abdul Mutthalib who heard this said, "Are all just silent hearing this story?" So those who made the Al-Fudhul agreement helped the Zabid man, immediately met Al-A'as bin Wail and returned the merchandise to the Zabid man.

Surah Al Hujurat verses 9-10:

وَإِن طَآئِفَتَانِ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٱقۡتَتَلُواْ فَأَصۡلِحُواْ بَيۡنَهُمَاۖ فَإِنۢ بَغَتۡ إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا عَلَى ٱلۡأُخۡرَىٰ فَقَٰتِلُواْ ٱلَّتِي تَبۡغِي حَتَّىٰ تَفِيٓءَ إِلَىٰٓ أَمۡرِ ٱللَّهِۚ فَإِن فَآءَتۡ فَأَصۡلِحُواْ بَيۡنَهُمَا بِٱلۡعَدۡلِ وَأَقۡسِطُوٓاْۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُقۡسِطِينَ  ٩ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ إِخۡوَةٞ فَأَصۡلِحُواْ بَيۡنَ أَخَوَيۡكُمۡۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُرۡحَمُونَ  ١٠

9.  And if two factions among the believers should fight, then make settlement between the two. But if one of them oppresses the other, then fight against the one that oppresses until it returns to the ordinance of Allah. And if it returns, then make settlement between them in justice and act justly. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly.
10.  The believers are but brothers, so make settlement between your brothers. And fear Allah that you may receive mercy.
                                                                                          

Reference:
·         Mubarakfuri, Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah. Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.
·         Haekal, Muhammad Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.
·         Al-Mubarakfuriyy, Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah, Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.


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