THE STORY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD SAW - First Bai'at Aqabah (Faithful Oath)

Previously, there were six youths from Yathrib (Medina) who converted to Islam during Hajj season in the 11th year of the prophethood after hearing the preaching of Prophet Muhammad. They have promised to convey the teachings of Islam that Rasulullah brought to the residents of Medina. This has positive results. In the following year's Hajj season (12th year of Prophethood), 12 people came from Medina, among them 5 people who had previously converted to Islam (As'ad bin Zurarah, Auf bin Al Harith bin Rifa'ah, Rafi' bin Malik bin 'Ajlan, Qutbah bin 'Amir bin Hadidah, and 'Uqbah bin Amir bin Naby. While Jabir bin Abdullah bin Ri'ab did not participate. They were all from the tribe of Khazraj) and added 7 other people besides them, namely:

1. Mu’az bin Al Harits, Ibnu ‘Afraa'

2. Dzakwan bin Abdul Qois

3. Ubadah bin Ash Shamit          

4. Yazid bin Tha’labah

5. Al-Abbas bin Ubadah bin Nadhlihi

6. Abu Haitham bin At Taihan

7. ‘Uwaim bin Sa'idah

The first five names come from the Khazraj tribe, and the last two names from the tribe ‘Aus.

They immediately contacted Rasulullah to meet at Aqabah Mina, then they paid allegiance (oath of allegiance) to Rasulullah, to promise not to associate Allah with other, not to steal, not commit adultery, not kill their children, do not lie they did between their hands and feet, and do not commit to Rasulullah. Whoever obeys all the rules, he gets the reward of heaven. If someone violates, then the decision is returned to God. God has the power to torture, also has the power to forgive all mistakes.

After Bai'at and after the Hajj season, Rasulullah sent the first ambassador to be with people who had sworn allegiance to Yathrib (Medina). His job is to teach the teachings of Islam to the Muslims there and provide an understanding of religion and spread Islam to those who still do shirk. The person chosen by Rasulullah to carry out this noble task was Mush'ab bin ‘Umair Al-Abdary, one of the first generation Islamic youths.

Arriving in Medina, Mush'ab stayed with As’ad bin Zurarah. They spread Islam with enthusiasm, earnest, and diligent. Mush'ab is known as Al-Muqri (reader).

It turned out that their business achieved positive results. Their da'wah was well received in Medina. Islam is increasingly widespread there. Those who want to convert to Islam are Sa'ad bin Mu'az and Usaid bin Khudair, two leaders of the Banu Abdi Al-Ashhal. Initially, Sa'ad told Usaid to block their da'wah. Sa'ad did not want to face As'ad because As'ad was his aunt's son. Usaid took his spear and met Mush'ab and As’ad. As'ad told Mush'ab that Usaid was the head of his tribe and that Mush'ab would tell the truth from God. After Mush'ab preached with good words in explaining Islam and reciting the Qur'an, Usaid admired these words and finally decided to convert to Islam. Usaid was ordered to take a bath, purify, clean clothes, testify with true testimony, then pray, then Usaid had converted to Islam. Then Usaid returned to meet Sa'ad and told him about Islam. Initially Sa'ad was angry with As'ad and Mush'ab, but eventually his heart was willing to accept Islam after Mush'ab explained the teachings of Islam. So Sa'ad was also ordered to take a bath, purify, clean clothes, testify with true testimony, then pray, then Sa'ad had converted to Islam.

Because both of them converted to Islam, everyone from that Bani also joined Islam in droves. But there was one person who was late in entering Islam, namely Ushairam, who converted to Islam during the Uhud war. At that time he had uttered the sentence of Shahada and immediately fought in the forces of the Muslims and finally died martyrdom in the war. Even though he has never prostrated to Allah though (due to a very short period of faith).Rasulullah commented about himself, "Doing a little, but the reward is a lot".

Mush'ab continued to preach in Medina until there was not a single house in the Anshor where there were no Muslim or Muslimah, except the Banu Umaiyah bin Zaid, Khathamah, Wail, and Waqif. This happened because among them there was an influential poet namely Abu Qais bin Al Aslat who refrained from entering Islam, until during the Khandaq war in the fifth year of the Hijrah, then they converted to Islam.

Before coming to the next Hajj season, the 13th year of prophethood, Mush'ab bin Umair returned to Mecca to deliver the good news to Rasulullah about the extraordinary welcome from the people of Medina to the Islamic da'wah he taught. Muslim Medina has good defense and strength. At that time, Muslim Medina did not get interference from the Jews and polytheists. In the upcoming Hajj season, they will come to Mecca in greater numbers with a stronger level of faith in Allah.

Reference:

·         Mubarakfuri, Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah. Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.

·         Haekal, Muhammad Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.

·         Al-Mubarakfuriyy, Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah, Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.

·         Abu Muhammad Abdul Malik bin Hisyam Al-Muafiri. Sirah Nabawiyah Ibnu Hisyam. 2000. Jakarta Timur: Darul Falah.