During Hajj season in the 13th of prophethood, the
Muslims of Yathrib (Medina) who numbered seventy five people joined in a group
of polytheists heading to Mecca to perform the Hajj.
Arriving
there, they immediately contacted Prophet Muhammad and secretly agreed to meet
in the middle of the days of the Tasyriq in a valley of Aqabah near Jumrah ‘Ula
in Mina to perform the bai'at (oath of allegiance).
On
the appointed day, those who wished to do the Bai'at went to the valley of
Aqabah while sneaking in the midnight darkness, so that the polytheists would
not know. At that time they numbered seventy-three men and two women; Nusaibah
bint Ka'ab (Ummu ‘Ammarah) and Asma bint Amr (Ummu Mani'). Rasulullah arrived
at the place accompanied by Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib, who at that time still
adhered to the old religion, but he attended with pleasure.
Abbas
spoke, "Brothers from Khazraj! You have known the position of Muhammad in
our midst. We and those who agree with us have protected him from the
disturbances of our community. He is a respectable person in his community and
has strength in his own country. But he wants to join you too. So if you really
feel able to keep the promise as you gave him and can protect him from those
who oppose it, then please do it. However, if you will surrender him and leave
him neglected after being in your place, then from now it is better to leave
it. "
Yathrib
said, "We have heard what you said. Now please Rasulullah who speaks. Say
what master likes and likes about God ".
So
Rasulullah recited the verses of the Qur'an and gave the spirit of Islam, he
said, "I ask the pledges of gentlemen to defend me as to defend your wives
and children".
At
that time Al Bara 'bin Ma'rur was present. He is a community leader and the
oldest among them. Since the first Bai'at Aqabah, he has embraced Islam and
carried out all religious orders, except in prayer he is oriented to the Kaaba
(Ka'bah), while Rasulullah and all the Muslims at that time were still oriented
to the Aqsa Mosque. Al Bara' disputes with his people. So they asked
Rasulullah's consideration. Rasulullah forbade Al Bara' to be oriented towards
the Kaaba.
After
Rasulullah asked the Muslim of Yathrib to protect him, Al Bara' held the hand
of Rasulullah while saying, "Yes, for the sake of the One who sent you
with the truth, we will protect you as we protect our children-wives. Bless us
O Rasulullah. We are good at fighting and weapons experts. We inherit it from
one generation to another".
Before
Al Bara' finished speaking, Abu Al Haitham bin At Tayyahan interrupted the
conversation and said, "O Rasulullah, actually we have a relationship with
the Jews and we will decide it. If we do it, then God wins you, will you go
home to your people and leave us? "
Rasulullah
said, "No. (your) Blood is (my)
blood. (your) Honor is (my) honor. I am
part of you and you are part of me. I fight anyone you fight and make peace
with the party you are making peace with".
When
they are ready to carry out Bai'at, ‘Abbas bin ‘Ubada came interrupting while
saying, "Brothers from Khazraj. For what do you pledge to this person? You
make a pledge with him not to fight against the black and the red against those
people. If you feel that if your property runs out and your leaders are killed,
you will surrender him (to the enemy), then it is better to leave now. If you
cannot, it is a despicable act in the world and the hereafter. However, if you
really can keep your promises like you promised, even though the assets are
gone and the nobles are killed, then please accept him. That is good, world and
the hereafter".
The
people answered, "We will accept it, even though we lost property and the
nobles were killed. But Rasulullah, if we keep our promises, what is our reply?
".
"Heaven",
replied Rasulullah.
Then
they extended their hands to Rasulullah and offered blessings.
After
the blessing, Rasulullah requested that twelve Naqib (head of teams) be chosen
for their people, to be responsible for the group in carrying out the contents
of the bai'at. Then twelve people were chosen, nine from Khazraj and three from
Aus.
Naqibs
from Khazraj are,
1. As’ad bin Zurarah
bin Udas
2. Sa'ad bin Ar Rabi'
bin Amr
3. Abdullah bin Rawahah
bin Tha'labah
4. Rafi 'bin Malik bin
Al Ajlan
5. Al Barra' bin Ma'rur
bin Shakr
6. Abdullah bin Amr bin
Haram
7. Ubadah bin As-Samit
bin Qais
8. Sa'ad bin Ubadah bin
Dulaim
9. Al Mundzir bin Amr
bin Khanis
Naqibs
from Aus are,
10. Usaid bin Hudhair
bin Samak
11. Sa'ad bin
Khaithamah bin Al-Harith
12. Rifa'ah bin Abdul
Mundzir bin Zanbar
When
the Bai'at is almost finished, the devil is aware of the bai'at. But due to the
lack of time, he could not convey the matter to the Quraysh leaders in secret
so that they would carry out a sudden ambush. Then the devil climbed the hill
and shouted about the meeting.
Rasulullah
who heard the shout immediately ordered the Bai'at participants to return to
their entourage. At first they were ready to fight the polytheists, but
Rasulullah said that there was no order for that. So they returned and slept
with their entourage until morning.
The
next day, the Quraish infidels came to the camp of Yathrib's group to protest
the existence of the bai'at to the leaders of the group of polytheists, because
they knew of a great danger to them from the meeting. Of course, the leaders of
the group did not know because some of their entourage hung in secret,
rejecting the incrimination of the Quraysh infidels. While the Muslim of
Yathrib did not deny and also did not admit.
So
the pagan leaders of Quraysh confirmed the words of the polytheists from
Yathrib. They returned without results.
Reference:
·
Mubarakfuri,
Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah.
Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.
·
Haekal, Muhammad
Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah
Hidup Muhammad.
·
Al-Mubarakfuriyy,
Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah,
Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.
·
Abu Muhammad
Abdul Malik bin Hisyam Al-Muafiri. Sirah
Nabawiyah Ibnu Hisyam. 2000. Jakarta Timur: Darul Falah.
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