Critical water conditions occur
because of excessive natural exploitation, uncontrolled changes in land use,
and decreased carrying capacity of the environment. Examples of critical
management of water resources are easy flooding, the availability of water that
is not comparable to the number of people (in big cities), and the loss of
green land and water catchment areas. In essence, critical water conditions can
lead to various types of conflicts. The main conflict that occurs is when the
availability of water cannot meet the needs. The struggle for water will be a
trigger for conflict between various parties because at the same time and
location it will try to meet water needs with a much smaller availability. This
has been reported on television and internet media. For example at a tourist
beach, there are new hotels that use local water sources and there is a large
amount of water used for hotel pools. Whereas residents around these tourist
sites that had their own water sources had to fight with hotels, so that the
residents only got a little water and felt difficulties.
Another conflict is a conflict
related to excess water due to land use. For example, a forest land considered
by a developer is an appropriate area to be developed to increase its economic
value. Forest land was eventually converted into industrial land. Economically,
the land is indeed developing and becoming a center for luring other activities
and there are impacts that have an effect on various parties, for example the
increase in selling prices of land around it, more feasible infrastructure
systems, and the emergence of new settlements. This means that there are
significant land use changes (Kodoatie, 2008c. As per reference, amended as
needed). This creates a conflict of interest. Economically changing land use is
quite interesting. But usually, the economic increase due to changes in land is
not paying attention to balanced environmental or social studies. Then it can
be ascertained that there is an increase in surface flow while reducing the
capacity of water due to loss of water absorption. The impact is an increase in
flooding in the downstream region.
Therefore, the government should
make appropriate regulations and requirements regarding land use change. Maybe
the rules already exist, but the application can be deviant or not implemented,
so it needs to increase law enforcement continuously.
Betterpad-Ray maquette/model/mockup (Benteng
Terpadu Raya / Great Integrated Fortress "Mural Wall") is a complex
design of buildings that are not used for personal interests, especially
economically, but are used for public purposes that are beneficial, both in the
fields of education and socio-culture. So the main point of Mockup
Betterpad-Ray's design goals is as a place that is able to build human character
to be better, care for the environment, always think rationally, and like to
add insight for positive purposes. Because Mockup Betterpad-Ray has a positive
goal, the development process is also positive. God willing, if realized, the
development of Betterpad-Ray "Wall Mural" will be in a strategic
place, not to damage the environment, and pay attention to the needs of the
community. Then a good study and planning is needed so that the Betterpad-Ray
development does not damage the environment, in this case water. Betterpad-Ray
development will go through the right and legal procedures from the government
and it is expected that various parties can welcome and help as best they can,
especially so that development does not damage the spatial layout of water. Of
course it is expected that not only the design of this model, but also all
other development plans must also pay attention to the spatial of the water so
that there is no water crisis.
The world has felt that the water
crisis has occurred, continues to occur, and tends to continue to increase.
There are various factors that make the water crisis occur in many places. Of
the many factors, Biswas (1997, here amended as needed) states that there are
at least 5 main factors, namely:
§
There is an
unfortunate fact that the amount of clean water
available in all countries based on long-term is almost constant for all
purposes. Because of technical and economic considerations, only a certain part
of the total water can be used for any given time. The amount of water
availability is inversely proportional to the increase in population.
The explanation is that the number
of humans on this earth is increasing. However, the amount of water (fresh) is
not possible to increase and basically it cannot be fully utilized. For
example, in river water that continues to flow, only part of it is used for
human needs, while the rest continues to flow into the sea. But actually there
is already a way to stem the flow of the river, even though it is not possible
to stem it entirely because there is still water that continues to flow and
there are obstacles in the geographical form of the river. For areas that
experience drought, water is a difficult thing to find because it may have
flowed into the sea or the rain has not fallen for a long time. What's worse,
due to the destruction of nature, when the rainy season arrives, there is a
large flood that is damaging and of course the water cannot be used because it
is cloudy and pollutes the residents' wells.
§
Water is a basic
need for all human activities, starting from drinking water, agriculture,
energy, industry, to indirect use.
The explanation is without water,
there will be no life on this earth. Therefore water sources must be properly
maintained and properly utilized as needed.
§
Until now, all
water sources that are easily exploited continue to grow and because of changes
in land use, many water sources are lost. As a result, in order to meet the
increasing needs in the future, the search for new water sources and their
exploitation will be more expensive than before.
The explanation is that basically
changes in land use are not used for basic needs, but tend to tertiary needs
which are usually useless. For example, the construction of hotels in tourist
attractions will not have an intrinsic impact on the surrounding area. Those
who feel the pleasure or benefit are only tourists from outside and business
people. Come to think of it, even though outside tourists want to be recreation
in an area, they should have been happy by seeing the scenery and interacting
and studying the activities of the surrounding population which is local
wisdom. Actually, tourists also don't need "luxury" facilities. It is
only for personal interests of business people who are trying to find business
opportunities without regard to the environment.
§
Increased human
activity will increase waste in the natural environment. Contamination will
increase both in surface water and ground water.
The explanation is that in modern
times, various modern industrial activities and industrial products used by
consumers are commonplace. There are only bad habits or behaviors from humans
who throw garbage or waste arbitrarily into the river because of the nature of
not caring and never thinking. Many people assume that the river is an
"easy to find rubbish bin" because the water is flowing and its shape
is long and deep. Even though what is carried in the river has a great
influence on life in every second. If the water is clean, it is certainly
useful. However, if it is polluted and exposed to pollution, while the river is
the lifeblood of life, then the disturbing and dirty substances are harmful to
humans. The objects or waste that accumulate because it is difficult to
decompose will accumulate and make the river narrower and lose space, so there
is a flood. Then there needs to be an effort to maintain the cleanliness of the
river, the simplest is to dispose of garbage in its place. Then do not dispose
of household waste or from industry to river, or at least industrial waste is
processed first so as not to pollute the river. The Betterpad-Ray model is also
designed so that at each point there is a trash can that will be managed well
and environmentally friendly.
§
Over the past
several decades various social and environmental impacts at various
levels have continued to increase. The importance of developing environmentally
water resources is no longer just a matter of discussion or discourse, but is
already very important in a sustainable and environmentally development
strategy.
There was an intention that the
Betterpad-Ray Mockup was designed so that it could be used as a place to
discuss the problem of the water crisis, could be in Pendapa Peradaban
(Civilization Pavilion), Betterpad-Ray Main Building, even the Shahada Mosque
(Masjid Syahadat) with additional religious values. But despite various
discussions about the water crisis, it seems that there will be no benefit if
Betterpad-Ray only provides a place to talk without action. Actually there is
an idea to make a competition especially for students about the environment, in
this case water with Betterpad-Ray as the place for the race. Then the
champions can give their opinions or even participate directly in solving water
problems. And the government must listen to their opinions and take water
issues seriously and take concrete actions, of course from various parties.
This is only one way that the water crisis can be minimized. In essence,
awareness must be given about the importance of preserving water.
Shahada Mosque (Masjid Syahadat)
Civilization Pavilion (Pendapa Peradaban)
Betterpad-Ray Main Building
This is the explanation of the
article about the Betterpad-Ray (Benteng Terpadu Raya / Great Integrated
Fortress) model design. God willing, it can be realized. Aamiin. Sorry if there
is an error especially in this article.
Reference:
·
Robert
J. Kodoatie and Roestam Sjarief. Tata Ruang Air. 2010. Yogyakarta: ANDI.
(https://archive.org/stream/BukuArsitektur/1822_Tata%20Ruang%20Air#mode/2up)
(Architecture Hobby)
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