Groundwater is a renewable natural
resource. Even so, it takes a formation process that requires a long time, can
reach tens of years to thousands of years.
If the ground water has been damaged
in quantity and quality, it needs a long process of recovery, high costs, and
complicated technology, not even going back to its original condition.
Therefore, ground water can be called a renewable and non-renewable
resource.The concept of groundwater as a renewable resource is based on natural
processes, namely the existence of circulation in the aquifer system: inflow
and outflow or recharge and discharge. The circulation process period in this
aquifer system varies from 10 to 100,000 years (Hendrayana, 2007).
While the concept of groundwater as
a non-renewable resource is the concept of a period of refilling groundwater
between 100 and 1,000 years. This period is very long compared to the period of
human activity in general, and planning for the utilization of water resources
in particular (Hendrayana, 2007).
An example of this concept is when
filling groundwater. The ground water that seeps into the soil is very little
while the aquifer system is very wide, so it takes a very long time. However,
it does not mean that the aquifer system has not suffered any addiction, or is
not related to the hydrological cycle.
Groundwater as a renewable or
non-renewable resource depends on the distance of the aquifer recharge area to
the aquifer system area or the travel time of the water flow to reach and
refill the aquifer. It is called renewable if it has a refill period between
<10 - 100 years, and conversely ground water is called a non-renewable
resource if it takes centuries and even millions of years to fill it.
In the recharge area, due to the
development of the population and economic growth, the function of land is
converted into residential land, industry, etc., which causes a decrease in
water absorption. Due to the increase in water demand, there is a decrease in
groundwater availability. The land which was originally a conservation area, a
protected area, a water catchment area, a protected forest, a buffer zone
instead became a waterproof place in the form of settlement, industry, trade,
and others which resulted in two impacts simultaneously. The first impact is an
increase in the quantity and quality of water needs and the second impact is a
decrease in the quantity and quality of water availability. This means that
both impacts in the aspect of water resources management are closely related to
aspects of water resources conservation and aspects of the utilization of water
resources. In addition to these two impacts, changes in the function of land
also caused an increase in surface flow which caused an increase in the
potential for floods. In the management of water resources, this is an aspect
of controlling the destructive power of water.
God willing, if it is realized, the
results of the Betterpad-Ray Mockup design (Benteng Terpadu Raya / Great
Integrated Fortress "Mural Wall") will pay attention to and maintain
ground water as a very important resource for life, especially humans. Humans
as creatures who are given reason by God Almighty should be aware of the
importance of groundwater both its role, function, and sustainability.
Therefore it is necessary to carry out a variety of studies and more in-depth
research on groundwater. Groundwater is a resource that can be renewable and
can also be non-renewable, which of course needs good utilization and
management. Generally humans assume that water, especially groundwater, will
never run out, in the sense that it is always replenished in the hydrological
cycle, unlike oil derived from dead organic bodies that require very long time
in its formation. Besides that, water is really needed at all times by living
things so that they can continue their lives to the end. Water as a basic need
will never be replaced by water substances. When you feel thirsty, only water
can handle it. Blood flow in the body and the work processes of other organs
must also need water. So that animals and plants can live also need water.
At present there are concerns about
the quality and quantity of groundwater according to the description above. The
existence of development that covers water catchment areas does damage the
quality and quantity of groundwater. Therefore, it can be endeavored that the
Betterpad-Ray design will be built by taking into account the importance of
water absorption sites. Maybe in every development (construction) there is
always a part of the water catchment that must be removed, but there is still
something that can be done so that the water still has a road to the
ground/soil. For example, by continuing to provide a sufficiently large water
catchment or green space in an area of the building. In addition, water
channels are also needed to prevent flooding. For the Betterpad-Ray Maket
design, it may be possible to choose a location in a place where the recharge
area is insignificant or not a place that significantly reduces water
infiltration sites, possibly in the downstream area. The water spatial
arrangement in the Betterpad-Ray model also needs to be discussed in more depth
with experts so that in this case it can still maintain the availability of
ground water. This might be applicable to other constructions, if possible.
It is indeed realized that for large
buildings or dense settlements, including the Betterpad-Ray model design, it
does require large amounts of water sourced from groundwater. Generally
economic and business factors make new buildings or settlements established.
Then because of inappropriate spatial and environmental arrangements, the
quality and quantity of availability has decreased, inversely proportional to
the amount to be used. But the purpose of the Betterpad-Ray Mockup design is
not for economic and business purposes, especially personal interests.
Betterpad-Ray has goals in the fields of education, social, and culture that
are used in the public interest. Insha Allah there will be proper, good and
correct management of groundwater for the design of the building complex so
that the availability of water can be maintained properly, and that is also for
the surrounding community. Betterpad-Ray's design does have various facilities,
such as the Shahada Mosque, Civilization Pavilion, and Betterpad-Ray Main
Building. All of them certainly need water from large quantities of ground
water. But all of them are buildings that have benefits for people and there
will be no waste of water in every activity, just enough as needed.
Both as a renewable and non-renewable
resource, ground water really plays an important role in life. It is an
obligation to maintain and manage it well and try not to damage or contaminate
it with things that are sometimes not realized or not considered. If nature is
damaged, then humans also feel the bad. It is expected that various facilities
from the Betterpad-Ray Mockup design can be used as a place to study, discuss
and find solutions to the problems of groundwater carried out by various
parties. Not only discourse, but also need to real practice correctly without
selfishness. Because the results are also for the benefit of all humans and
living things.
Shahada Mosque (Masjid Syahadat)
Civilization Pavilion (Pendapa Peradaban)
Betterpad-Ray Main Building
This is the explanation of the
article about the Betterpad-Ray (Benteng Terpadu Raya / Great Integrated
Fortress) model design. God willing, it can be realized. Aamiin. Sorry if there
is an error especially in this article.
Reference:
·
Robert
J. Kodoatie and Roestam Sjarief. Tata Ruang Air. 2010. Yogyakarta: ANDI.
(https://archive.org/stream/BukuArsitektur/1822_Tata%20Ruang%20Air#mode/2up)
(Architecture Hobby)
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