Sunday, December 2, 2018

THE STORY OF THE PROPHET DAVID - Test for the Prophet David about Two Goat Owners

As a king, the Prophet David was very busy doing a variety of activities that were very numerous. He often decides various matters from people who have problems. After deciding the case, David rested to restore his mind and energy. He filled his time with worship to Allah.

Prophet David lived and rested in the palace. He ordered his bodyguards to guard at the door of his room. The door was closed tightly and people were not allowed to enter the room while he was worshiping because it could be disturbing.

One day, Prophet David was in his mihrab. Outside, there were two people who looked strange climbing the palace wall. They moved to the room of Prophet David. They managed to enter the palace and immediately met the Prophet David. The Prophet David was shocked and afraid to see their arrival. It's strange because they can enter through guarding the palace guards.

Surah Shad verse 21:

۞وَهَلۡ أَتَىٰكَ نَبَؤُاْ ٱلۡخَصۡمِ إِذۡ تَسَوَّرُواْ ٱلۡمِحۡرَابَ  ٢١

21.  And has there come to you the news of the adversaries, when they climbed over the wall of [his] prayer chamber -

Both explained that their sudden arrival was only to settle their case to the Prophet David. The Prophet David was relieved that it turned out that they were merely asking for his decision, even though it was time to worship, not time to decide the case. The Prophet David asked about their problems. One of them complained that his brother who with him had ninety-nine female goats, and he only had one goat. But his brother forced him to give up a goat to his brother so that the number was even one hundred. He lost in arguing with his brother.

Surah Shad verses 22-23:

إِذۡ دَخَلُواْ عَلَىٰ دَاوُۥدَ فَفَزِعَ مِنۡهُمۡۖ قَالُواْ لَا تَخَفۡۖ خَصۡمَانِ بَغَىٰ بَعۡضُنَا عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَنَا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَا تُشۡطِطۡ وَٱهۡدِنَآ إِلَىٰ سَوَآءِ ٱلصِّرَٰطِ  ٢٢ إِنَّ هَٰذَآ أَخِي لَهُۥ تِسۡعٞ وَتِسۡعُونَ نَعۡجَةٗ وَلِيَ نَعۡجَةٞ وَٰحِدَةٞ فَقَالَ أَكۡفِلۡنِيهَا وَعَزَّنِي فِي ٱلۡخِطَابِ  ٢٣

22.  When they entered upon David and he was alarmed by them? They said, "Fear not. [We are] two adversaries, one of whom has wronged the other, so judge between us with truth and do not exceed [it] and guide us to the sound path.
23.  Indeed this, my brother, has ninety-nine ewes, and I have one ewe; so he said, 'Entrust her to me,' and he overpowered me in speech."

Hearing this, the Prophet David immediately scolded the other person and stated that the person had committed injustice. The deed is considered unfair, people who already have a lot of goats actually ask for the only goat belonging to someone else.

But the Prophet David made a decision too hastily, because he did not ask for information in advance from the other person. He should ask him. That said, the two brothers suddenly disappeared (an undercover angel), Wallahu a'lam. The Prophet David suspected that the incident was a test from Allah SWT. The Prophet David realized that he should have heard the information of the two parties in dispute before making a decision.

Prophet David begged forgiveness of Allah SWT while prostrating because he had rushed into acting. So Allah SWT forgives his mistakes.

Surah Shad verses 24-25:

قَالَ لَقَدۡ ظَلَمَكَ بِسُؤَالِ نَعۡجَتِكَ إِلَىٰ نِعَاجِهِۦۖ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡخُلَطَآءِ لَيَبۡغِي بَعۡضُهُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٍ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَقَلِيلٞ مَّا هُمۡۗ وَظَنَّ دَاوُۥدُ أَنَّمَا فَتَنَّٰهُ فَٱسۡتَغۡفَرَ رَبَّهُۥ وَخَرَّۤ رَاكِعٗاۤ وَأَنَابَ۩  ٢٤ فَغَفَرۡنَا لَهُۥ ذَٰلِكَۖ وَإِنَّ لَهُۥ عِندَنَا لَزُلۡفَىٰ وَحُسۡنَ مَ‍َٔابٖ  ٢٥
24.  [David] said, "He has certainly wronged you in demanding your ewe [in addition] to his ewes. And indeed, many associates oppress one another, except for those who believe and do righteous deeds - and few are they." And David became certain that We had tried him, and he asked forgiveness of his Lord and fell down bowing [in prostration] and turned in repentance [to Allah].
25.  So We forgave him that; and indeed, for him is nearness to Us and a good place of return.

Allah SWT said to the Prophet David and certainly a lesson for all of us that as leaders, judges, presidents, and whoever we are when deciding cases, we must make decisions fairly and not follow our passions. Think calmly and always ask God for guidance so that we can make good, right and fair decisions.

Surah Shad verse 26:

يَٰدَاوُۥدُ إِنَّا جَعَلۡنَٰكَ خَلِيفَةٗ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعِ ٱلۡهَوَىٰ فَيُضِلَّكَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ شَدِيدُۢ بِمَا نَسُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡحِسَابِ  ٢٦
26.  [We said], "O David, indeed We have made you a successor upon the earth, so judge between the people in truth and do not follow [your own] desire, as it will lead you astray from the way of Allah." Indeed, those who go astray from the way of Allah will have a severe punishment for having forgotten the Day of Account.

In addition, there are several interpretations of the verse above which refer to the stories of Israiliyat. Here's the story:

The Prophet David had ninety nine wives. The Prophet David wanted to fulfill the number of his wife to one hundred people. One day came two people to him like the story earlier. Ninety-nine female goats were interpreted as ninety-nine wives, while one goat was interpreted as a wife who was married to the Prophet David who was actually married to an officer from his own kingdom. It is considered as a reminder of Allah SWT through two angels so that the Prophet David realized.

I more believe in the first story that I wrote here.

Reference:
• As Sayyid, Kamal and Anis, Selma (translator). 2005. Kisah-kisah Terbaik Alquran. Jakarta: Pustaka Zahra.
• https://bahasawaktu.wordpress.com/2016/05/21/nabi-daud-99-fitnah/

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