Tuesday, February 19, 2019

THE STORY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD - Memorandum of Agreement Concerning General Boycott against Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib

After the Quraish infidels failed in various attempts to prevent the preaching of Prophet Muhammad, they took another path, it is the boycott of those who protected Prophet Muhammad, they are Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib.

Ibn Ishaq said, "When the unbelievers of Quraysh learned that the companions of Prophet Muhammad arrived in an area (Abbisinia / Habasyah / Ethiopia) and got security and comfort in it; An Najasyi protects anyone who asks for his protection; Umar bin Khattab converted to Islam; Umar bin Khattab and Hamzah bin Abdul Muttalib were on the side of Prophet Muhammad and his friends; and Islam spread widely in the Quraysh tribes, so they held meetings. They made a conspiracy by making an agreement which was addressed to Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib. Following are the contents of the agreement:

1. They did not marry women from Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib.
2. They did not marry their daughters with people from Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib.
3. They did not sell anything to Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib.
4. They did not buy anything from Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib.

When they agreed on the contents of the agreement, they wrote it on the shahifah (agreement note), then they promised each other to commit to the contents of the agreement. Then they put an agreement note in the middle of the Kaaba (Ka'bah) as proof of their attitude. The author is Mansur ibn Ikrimah ibn Amir ibn Hisham ibn Abdul Manaf ibn Abduddar ibn Qushai (Ibn Hisham said, "Some say the author is An-Nadhr bin Al-Harith."). Rasulullah SAW prayed for his ugliness, then part of Mansur bin Ikrimah's fingers became paralyzed ".

The unbelievers of Quraysh also did not want to associate with the Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib, unless Rasulullah was left to them to be killed.

The boycott certainly had a bad impact on Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib. They live in isolation, both believers and unbelievers, except Abu Lahab. They were locked up in the village of Abu Talib since the beginning of the 7th year of Muharram prophethood.

The boycott is increasingly heavy. The food in Mecca is always hired first by the polytheists. Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib experienced tremendous starvation, even only the leaves and skin of the animals they ate.

One day Hakim bin Hizam brought wheat to his aunt, Khadijah. His journey was blocked by Abu Jahal and Abu Jahal forbade him. So Abu Al Bakhtari bin Hisham came to help Hakim bin Hizam and allow him to give wheat to his aunt.

Abu Talib was concerned about Rasulullah. When everyone is going to sleep, Abu Talib told Rasulullah to sleep in his place, so that Abu Talib could see anyone who might want to kill Rasulullah. If everyone had fallen asleep in his sleep, Abu Talib told one of his children or his brother to sleep at the place of Rasulullah and bring their bedding.

In the face of boycotts, Prophet Muhammad was more determined to fight in the way of Allah SWT. Likewise with families and friends who are increasingly persistent in defending the religion of God. Rasulullah continued to spread the teachings of Islam to the border of Mecca. The infidels of Quraish also thought of ways to fight Rasulullah whose teachings were contrary to the customs of jahiliyah. They think how to stop the spread of Islamic teachings to the Arab tribes, the tribes that cannot live without Mecca and Mecca cannot live without them in terms of trade, both exports and imports to and from the holy city.

The infidels of Quraish always threatened Rasulullah and his family for years. However, Rasulullah remained steadfast. In a good way, he still invited people to accept the truth. That is the duty of Prophet Muhammad as a Messenger of God who brings good news and warnings. The Quraysh people who were always fighting should believe Al-Amin, a person who since children was known as the most honest person, never lied. But at that time Quraysh did not want to submit. They still maintain their old religion and are worried about the teachings of Islam that will erode and destroy the paganism that they professed since the time of their ancestors.

After three years of boycotts, the boycott was finally canceled in Muharram in the 10th year of Prophethood. The cause of the cancellation was the existence of opposition from the Quraysh themselves. There are those who insist on continuing the boycott, some are opposed because those who suffer are their own relatives. The people who opposed the agreement increasingly became a majority.

On the other side, Prophet Muhammad informed Abu Talib that Allah SWT had ordered termites to eat the memorandum of agreement. There are only a few sheets left in which there is a sign of God.

Abu Talib conveyed this to the Quraysh people, saying, "If he lies, we will let you do what you want to him. But if he is right, you should stop boycotting and injustice against us".

Then Mut'im bin Adi intended to tear up the treaty sheet, but he saw that the sheet had almost been eaten by termites, except in the words "By Your name O Allah" and in which the word "Allah" was still present.

So the suffering ended as a result of the boycott and Rasulullah left the village of Abu Talib. The polytheists have seen evidences of prophethood which are very clear, but they do not recognize them, as in the word of Allah SWT in Al Qomar verse 2:

وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ ءَايَةٗ يُعۡرِضُواْ وَيَقُولُواْ سِحۡرٞ مُّسۡتَمِرّٞ  ٢

2.  And if they see a miracle, they turn away and say, "Passing magic."

After that, Rasulullah and the Muslims began to live their lives as usual. While the infidel Quraish is still trying to block the mission of Rasulullah.




Reference:
·         Mubarakfuri, Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah. Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.
·         Haekal, Muhammad Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.
·         Al-Mubarakfuriyy, Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah, Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.
·         Abu Muhammad Abdul Malik bin Hisyam Al-Muafiri. Sirah Nabawiyah Ibnu Hisyam. 2000. Jakarta Timur: Darul Falah.


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