When planning to build a mosque, the
first thing to be prepared is a piece of land as a place of building a mosque.
To make a plan that is truly mature, it takes the right size of land and is not
estimated, both the actual length, actual width, and the actual land area. In
addition to land area, the thing to consider is the contour of the land (height
and low soil). However, this is not needed for evenly ground. If you want to
plan multi-storey building, it is necessary to do a soil strength test. The
tool used to measure the strength of the soil is sondir as a short soil
drilling drill and boring for deep soil tests. So, basically, things that need
to be considered in planning relating to land are land size, land contour, soil
strength, and building level height to the road.
The design of the Shahada Mosque
(Masjid Syahadat) which is part of the Betterpad-Ray (Benteng Terpadu Raya /
Great Integrated Fortress) model/maquette must also be planned in accordance with the
land if this really materializes. As a large mosque and has many functions, the
design of the Shahada mosque is made by paying attention to important things so
that if this design is realized it is in accordance with the standards of
safety and comfort. Moreover, land is the main media / "material" in
building a house, building, or mosque. Basically, because the design of the
Shahada mosque is part of a building complex, the type of land needed is not
much different from the building complex. But here will be explained about the
mosque which is a single building or part of a building complex.
The size of the land is something
that must be considered to determine the area of the mosque and its supporting
places. For small land, the mosques that are built are only small in size and
generally do not have a supporting place, such as a caretaker office and a
parking lot. Even if there is a place to park the vehicle, usually only in the
form of an mosque open yard or a small shaded parking lot. Even because of
insufficient land, vehicles are usually parked outside the mosque or roadside
area. But this is a normal thing as long as it does not interfere with traffic
flow. For a large size of land, the planned area of the mosque can be larger so
that it is more flexible in determining the size of the building and its
supporting places. Not only mosque buildings, on a large area can be planned
various construction of supporting facilities, such as shaded parking lots,
minarets, offices, security posts, and so on. Basically, the size of the land
must pay attention to the number of worshipers who will visit the mosque. For
village mosques, of course only need small land. Whereas for city mosques,
grand mosques, state mosques, or mosques belonging to large building complexes,
of course it requires extensive land because of the large number of worshipers.
Still related to the size of the
land, the shape of the land must also be considered. There are three broad
outlines, namely square, extending to the side, and extending to the front and
back. For square-shaped land, mosque building planning is relatively easy to
do, because generally the main room of the mosque is square so the proportion
to the land is quite easily determined. For mosques that extend to the side,
the main building can be in the middle and the side yard can be used for
parking lots or other facilities. But mosques can be built on the right or left
side of the land so that the remaining side land are wider. For mosques that
extend to the front and back, the mosque will have a large entrance yard so
that it can be used freely for parking lots and prayers in congregation.
The Shahada Mosque (Masjid Syahadat)
is designed for large-sized land with an elongated landform to the side,
because behind the mosque is the main courtyard of the building complex. So I
put the main building in the middle of the yard, the management office on the
right side, and a shaded parking lot on the left side.
The contour of the land is an
important matter to be considered in determining the height of the building,
for example what building should be higher and how to structure the building.
Of course people generally expect that the prepared land has a flat soil
contour, so the design is easier to do. If there are buildings that are made
higher than the yard, such as mosques that are marked with holy boundaries,
then enough to hoard parts of land with land and the height of the foundation
is made so that it is higher than the surface of the land. Arrangement of
mosque yard is also easy to do so that it is safe and comfortable to use for
certain purposes, including parking lots. So in building design you should
choose land that has a flat contour. Whereas narrow and uneven land must be
avoided because it is certainly very difficult in planning its construction,
unless it is dredging or hoarding.
For large but uneven land, building
planning can still be done quite easily. If higher land has a wider size than
low land, the mosque can be built there, while at the same time can be given a
holy mark. For uneven and uncluttered land, development planning is more
difficult and it is better to avoid land with such contours.
Shahada Mosque is designed for land
that has flat contours, so that the arrangement is easier and provides comfort
for visitors. The flat land also gives a neat and spacious impression that it
is expected that the appearance of the mosque is beautiful. Likewise, the Betterpad-Ray
building complex model is indeed designed for land with flat contours. So I
tried to choose a flat land if I wanted to plan development, because I like to
make a number of buildings in one land where access is easy between one
building and another.
To conduct a soil strength test
using sondir or boring, it must be done by experts. Because when I wrote this
article I was a high school graduate and had not attended college, I did not
understand the use of these tools. This test can be used for the construction
of two or more floors. The Shahada mosque design is a large mosque design, has
a tall building wall, and has a roof support pole, so this test really has to
be done if the construction really materializes. Moreover, there is a Shahada
tower that is more than 40 meters high so that the strength of the land must be
taken care of. This is so that the condition of the building is stable later.
Results of the Road Elevation Project in Karangturi, Bulurejo, Nguntoronadi, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
I have seen a group of people in
front of my house, which is on the edge of a highway, which is thrusting a tool
like a crowbar into the ground. At that time a road elevation project will be
carried out by dismantling the old asphalt, then piled up with sand, stone,
etc., then paved again with the new one. Because of the elevation of the road,
my house which was previously higher than the highway became lower than the
highway. When I tried to find out, it turned out that it was a sondir that was
used to measure the strength of the land on the highway. The road in front of
my house is near the junction, so there are often vehicles that reduce their
speed by braking. Of course this can damage the asphalt and highway, so that
the surface is easily decreased. So the soil is dumped more densely and pressed
with heavy equipment so the road surface is more stable.
The height of the building to the
road is also a matter of concern. Broadly speaking there are three conditions
about this, namely buildings that are higher than the road, parallel to the
road, and lower than the road. The position of the mosque building that is parallel
to the road is something that is really expected. Designing and structuring is
easier to do. The visitors also did not experience difficulties when entering
the mosque area. As for buildings that are higher than the road, it must make
the entrance as comfortable as possible even though it is tilted. Roads can be
smoothed to be passed by vehicles and can be made several steps for
pedestrians. This can also be applied to buildings that are lower than the
road.
The Shahada mosque design and all
parts of the Betterpad-Ray complex model were applied to be parallel to the
road. But I also like it if the building is a little higher than the main road.
This is the article from me.
Hopefully the design of the Shahadat Mosque (Masjid Syahadat), which is part of
the Betterpad-Ray (Benteng Terpadu Raya / Great Integrated Fortress) model/maquette, can
inspire and be realized. Aamiin.
Reference:
·
Susanta,
Gatut, et al. Membangun Masjid & Mushola. 2007. Depok: Penebar
Swadaya. (https://archive.org/stream/BukuArsitektur/1048_Membangun%20Masjid%20dan%20Mushola#mode/2up)
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