Thursday, April 4, 2019

THE STORY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD - The Ongoing Battle of Badr

Badr War Map
Object Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ry_vKTvWxq4

Prophet Muhammad ordered Talha ibn Ubaidillah and Sa'id ibn Zaid to go north (from Medina) to conduct reconnaissance. They were informed that the Abu Sufyan trading group with very large merchandise was returning from Sham to Mecca. That was conveyed to Prophet Muhammad. He announced to his friends that for anyone who was willing to confront the trading group of Quraysh. Not all friends welcomed him because they thought it only needed a small army like the previous expeditions to control the trade routes to hamper the Quraysh trade. Then there were 314 Muslim troops gathered with incomplete weapons.

Abu Sufyan thought that something would happen to him. Then he hired Dhomdhom ibn Amr Al Ghifari to ask for help in Mecca. Mecca residents including their leaders immediately prepared to form an army to save Abu Sufyan's trade caravan. All the leaders of Quraysh were fighting except Abu Lahab. Instead of him, he sent Al Ashi ibn Hisham ibn Al Mughirah. Al Ashi had a debt of 4000 dirhams to Abu Lahab to trade, but went bankrupt. Finally he must represent Abu Lahab. Then gathered troops with a complete weaponry of 1300 people, 100 horses, 600 armor, and many camels. Abu Jahal ibn Hisham led the army as warlords.


Then the Quraysh pagan army left for the direction of Medina. But in the middle of the trip, they again received a letter from Abu Sufyan that his group had managed to escape the detention of the Muslims. Therefore he asked the Quraysh troops to return to Mecca.

But arrogantly, Abu Jahal refused to return to Mecca. He still insisted on deploying his troops to Badr. But there were some troops who decided to return to Mecca with 300 people and did not participate in the Badr war. Then there were only 1,000 people left in the infidels army of Quraish.


On Friday, the 17th of Ramadan in the year 2 Hijriah in Badr, south of the city of Medina, a Badr Kubro war between Muslim forces led by Prophet Muhammad was confronted with an infidels of Quraish army led by Abu Jahal. Muslim forces with a strength of 314 people against the forces of Quraysh with a strength of 1000 people. Prophet Muhammad immediately prepared his war troops and advised them not to start a war without special command from him.

The leaders of Quraysh took part in the polytheists troops and it was feared that if they died, Mecca would lose important figures. But they were still afraid of being called a coward by Abu Jahal. Then Utbah ibn Rabi'ah came forward and said, "O my brothers, the Quraysh, for the sake of Allah, you cannot do anything if you confront Muhammad and his companions. For God's sake, if you can defeat him, he still sees the faces of other people with dislike faces. He killed his cousin or family member. Go home and leave Muhammad with all the Arabs. If you succeed in defeating it, that is what you expect. If it doesn't happen, it means he defeats you, and you don't succeed in realizing what you want".

Abu Jahal angrily heard these words and called Amir ibn Al Hadzrami saying, "Your allies want people to go home. You have seen for yourself who should be sued for retaliation. Now, demand the murder of your brother! " Then Amr shouted "Hi my brother, there is no way other than war!" Then Utbah looked for a helmet for his head protector, but did not get the right size. So he used cloth as a turban on his head.

Aswad ibn Abdul Asad Al Makhzumi immediately left the ranks of the polytheists and attacked the Muslim forces with the intention of destroying the drinking pool of the Muslim forces. He is a man who is fierce and badly behaved. Hamzah ibn Abdul Muttalib also came out to confront him. Hamzah hit Aswad and cut his legs to half the calf while heading for the pool. Aswad fell down with his feet covered in blood. When he crept into the pool, Hamzah hit him again until he died behind the pond.

After that, the infidels of Quraish forces deployed three soldiers to fight against the Muslim forces. They were Utbah with his brother Shaibah ibn Rabiah and Walid ibn ‘Utbah.To confront them, Muslim forces deployed three soldiers from the Ansar. But the three Quraysh man turned their backs on arrogantly. They ask for comparable opponents from their own tribe. So Rasulullah ordered Ubaidah ibn Harith, Hamzah ibn Abdul Muttalib, and Ali ibn Ali Talib to fight them. Ubadiah was very young against ‘Utbah ibn Rabi'ah, while Hamzah fought Syaibah and Ali against Walid ibn‘ Utbah.

It didn't take long for Hamzah and Ali to defeat and kill the enemy, while Ubaidah was able to defeat the enemy after being helped by Hamzah and Ali. Ubaidah suffered severe injuries and died after the Battle of Badr.

After the fight was over, the polytheists troops led by their commanders immediately stormed the Muslim forces brutally. Muslims are able to survive the onslaught of the polytheists with patience, determination, and always pray to Allah.

Rasulullah who witnessed the battle on the stage continued to pray earnestly to Allah SWT so that his troops could get help and victory, even his shawl fell from his shoulders because of the seriousness in praying. In fact, he prayed, "O Allah, if this army loses today, then You will not worship, O God, if You will, You will not be worshiped today".

Abu Bakr returned the shawl to Rasulullah while saying, "Enough O Rasulullah, you have asked earnestly to your Lord".

Then come down the word of God,

Surah Al Anfal verse 12:

إِذۡ يُوحِي رَبُّكَ إِلَى ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ أَنِّي مَعَكُمۡ فَثَبِّتُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْۚ سَأُلۡقِي فِي قُلُوبِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱلرُّعۡبَ فَٱضۡرِبُواْ فَوۡقَ ٱلۡأَعۡنَاقِ وَٱضۡرِبُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ كُلَّ بَنَانٖ  ١٢

12.  [Remember] when your Lord inspired to the angels, "I am with you, so strengthen those who have believed. I will cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieved, so strike [them] upon the necks and strike from them every fingertip."

Surah Al Anfal verse 9:

إِذۡ تَسۡتَغِيثُونَ رَبَّكُمۡ فَٱسۡتَجَابَ لَكُمۡ أَنِّي مُمِدُّكُم بِأَلۡفٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ مُرۡدِفِينَ  ٩

9.  [Remember] when you asked help of your Lord, and He answered you, "Indeed, I will reinforce you with a thousand from the angels, following one another."

So after that, Allah SWT gave assistance in the form of angels who came by marching. Rasulullah who knew this felt very happy and told Abu Bakr who was beside him.

The Quraysh polytheists continued to attack for a long time, while the Muslim forces continued to defend strongly and could not be crippled, even many of the polytheists were killed in battle. Obviously the polytheists were declining because of this.

In this situation, Rasulullah gave an order to carry out a counterattack against the polytheists. So the Muslim forces returned to storm the polytheists, whose enthusiasm was already weak. Muslim soldiers overthrow their opponents with a burning spirit. The strength of the Muslims grew with the help of the angels, so many Quraysh soldiers were killed and it was not known who killed him.

Finally, the defeat of the polytheists became clearer and the battle of Badr was nearing completion. Many polytheist soldiers fled and were chased by Muslim forces.

It was left to Abu Jahal and several of his troops who protected him who remained defensive. But the onslaught of Muslim forces that kept coming in overwhelmed them and lost, and finally Abu Jahal was killed by two young men named Mu'az ibn Amr ibn Al Jamuh and Mu'awwiz ibn Afra.

After Abu Jahal died, the battle of Badr ended with a major defeat on the polytheists. 70 people were killed on their side, most of whom were warlords and Quraish leaders and 70 others were captured. While on the Muslim side there were 14 people who were martyred.

Muslim troops returned to Medina with victory. While the polytheists in Mecca experienced deep sadness.


Reference:

·         Mubarakfuri, Syekh Shafiyyur-Rahman, and Haidir, Abdullah (Translator). 2005. Sejarah Hidup dan Perjuangan Rasulullah. Riyadh: Kantor Dakwah dan Bimbingan bagi Pendatang Al-Sulay.
·         Haekal, Muhammad Husain, and Audah, Ali (Translator). Sejarah Hidup Muhammad.
·         Al-Mubarakfuriyy, Syeikh Safy Al-Rahman. Seerah Nabawiyyah, Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum.
·         Abu Muhammad Abdul Malik bin Hisyam Al-Muafiri. Sirah Nabawiyah Ibnu Hisyam. 2000. Jakarta Timur: Darul Falah.

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