Monday, June 17, 2019

MOCKUP BETTERPAD-RAY - Natural Light and Architecture



Before the discovery of electric lights (incandescent lamps), humans had a very large dependence on natural light, both during the day and especially at night. That makes the civilization at that time very revealing symbols of light sources, such as the sun and stars (the sun is star) which emit their own light and the moon that reflects sunlight to earth at night. Reflection light from the maximum moon occurs during the full moon. Natural light when the full moon is really bright enough to just be able to walk at night quite easily. Whereas when the moon dies, the night is truly pitch black and in the sky there is a collection of stars and various galaxies when there are no clouds in the sky. So it needs artificial lighting at night which since ancient times until modern times is now growing, such as bonfires, torches, candles, oil lamps, electric lights, flashlights, and so on.

Human life cannot be separated from natural light, not only because of visual needs, but also because natural light is able to provide a natural and different atmosphere with artificial lighting such as lights. Light is always synonymous with warmth, because light is often accompanied by higher temperatures because of the energy that accompanies its presence.

Light really becomes an inseparable element of an architectural work. Since humans lived in caves, light has become an important part of civilization. When humans have been able to make a place to live or a house, light becomes very important. There are many underlying reasons, especially those related to activities. When there is a light source, humans are easier to do activities because it makes humans able to receive and access visual information. By knowing and understanding the situation around it, humans can carry out various activities. This condition brings light to its functional role. On the other hand, light also plays a role in providing visual access to information displayed from architectural works, including geometric games that feel stronger. So light also plays a role in aesthetics, in addition to being functional.

During the day, with the great role of sunlight, architectural works can be accessed by the sense of sight properly. The existence of shadows because the light that befalls the geometry makes an architectural work more dramatic in visual space. An example is the gates to signify the boundary of a region and the reception that is more firmly the impression of three dimensions when exposed to sunlight. The impression obtained is to reinforce geometry and produce shadows from parts that are not directly exposed to sunlight. The designs of the gates usually resemble the designs on temples or palace buildings, but are simpler with loose rules. Not only when exposed to sunlight, if exposed to the full moon light, three-dimensional impressions still arise although weak. This is the greatness of Indonesian culture that is able to make building designs by considering light as an inseparable part in it so that beauty can be enjoyed by humans.
Wonogiri Regency Gates, Central Java Province, Indonesia
(Source: Google Maps


Natural light is an important matter that is considered in the design of Betterpad-Ray Mockup (Benteng Terpadu Raya / Great Integrated Fortress "Mural Wall"). The design of this building complex is a design that is made so that natural light can be utilized properly. Looking carefully, it can be seen that the design of the buildings has the appearance of a window as a design for the entry of sunlight into the room, especially the Betterpad-Ray Shahada Mosque (Masjid Syahadat) and Main Building. And what is clear, is that in the middle there is a pavilion in the form of a building without a cover wall called Civilization Pavilion (Pendapa Peradaban). This pendapa is the most obvious design of the Betterpad-Ray Mockup so that light can enter into it. Besides that, natural light is something that must be needed so that if the Betterpad-Ray Mockup design can be realized, God willing, then the building that has been completed can really be seen by the sense of sight and its shape and parts can be known so that people can do activities and use them properly and correctly. Not only sunlight can display the shape of the building, but also the light reflected by the moon, especially the full moon. The lighting of the building at night can indeed brighten a portion of the building, but the reflection of the moon can help show almost all the outside of the building, even though the light is weak.

When humans are inside buildings or around buildings by gaining access to natural sunlight, humans will experience warmth so that they feel comfortable while in that place, this is the hope of the Betterpad-Ray Mockup. People who feel comfortable when doing activities in a place or building, then he is able to do something well and spirit. The warmth of the sun is of course only felt at certain times and places, such as on the terrace of the building at 7 am in Indonesia. Heat energy from the sun will sting the skin during the afternoon until late afternoon. If you receive excessive heat from the sun, of course it is an uncomfortable thing, especially in an open place. So the design of the building must be able to deliver the warmth of sufficient sunlight to the human body both on the terrace and in the room by minimizing the feeling of heat and the building must also be able to shade humans well when the sunlight is hot.

The main function of natural light is so that humans can see objects so that humans can move well and smoothly. Setting access to natural light into the room must be considered properly so as to meet the human needs in it. The amount of light entering must be arranged so that not too much or too little. The light entering in too much amount will make glare and easy to feel heat. Whereas too few numbers cannot meet the needs and it is difficult to move indoors.

Natural light is the main thing to be able to display architectural works, in this case the Betterpad-Ray Mockup. Natural light is a very large light that is able to brighten and display the surrounding environment and architectural works well and precisely. This is the provision of God Almighty that makes everything perfect. When there are parts exposed to light, there must be a shadow. These two things are able to show the aesthetic form of architectural works in real terms. Patterns or decorations that are two-dimensional in shape on a building are simply brighten by natural light without showing a form that looks real. While the pattern or three-dimensional decoration is able to show a real shape when exposed to natural light, such as poles, carving fences, gates, fountains, and so on. Angles come from natural light which changes because the rotation of the earth can be used to make sundials with various designs and techniques that have existed in world civilization. God willing, most of the three-dimensional decorative patterns in Betterpad-Ray Maket will use typical Indonesian patterns, because they have high aesthetic value, usually display natural beauty, and have a beautiful arch and flexibility pattern.
Shahada Mosque (Masjid Syahadat)

Civilization Pavilion (Pendapa Peradaban)

Betterpad-Ray Main Building


This is the explanation of the article about the Betterpad-Ray (Benteng Terpadu Raya / Great Integrated Fortress) model design. God willing, it can be realized. Aamiin. Sorry if there is an error especially in this article.


Reference:
·       Manurung, Parmonangan. Pencahayaan Alami dalam Arsitektur. 2012. Yogyakarta: ANDI.
(https://archive.org/stream/BukuArsitektur/1713_Pencahayaan%20Alami%20dalam%20Arsitektur#mode/2up)



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