Thursday, June 20, 2019

MOCKUP BETTERPAD-RAY - Relationship of Ground Water Resources with Land Function Transfer



Groundwater is a renewable natural resource. Even so, it takes a formation process that requires a long time, can reach tens of years to thousands of years.

If the ground water has been damaged in quantity and quality, it needs a long process of recovery, high costs, and complicated technology, not even going back to its original condition. Therefore, ground water can be called a renewable and non-renewable resource.The concept of groundwater as a renewable resource is based on natural processes, namely the existence of circulation in the aquifer system: inflow and outflow or recharge and discharge. The circulation process period in this aquifer system varies from 10 to 100,000 years (Hendrayana, 2007).

While the concept of groundwater as a non-renewable resource is the concept of a period of refilling groundwater between 100 and 1,000 years. This period is very long compared to the period of human activity in general, and planning for the utilization of water resources in particular (Hendrayana, 2007).

An example of this concept is when filling groundwater. The ground water that seeps into the soil is very little while the aquifer system is very wide, so it takes a very long time. However, it does not mean that the aquifer system has not suffered any addiction, or is not related to the hydrological cycle.

Groundwater as a renewable or non-renewable resource depends on the distance of the aquifer recharge area to the aquifer system area or the travel time of the water flow to reach and refill the aquifer. It is called renewable if it has a refill period between <10 - 100 years, and conversely ground water is called a non-renewable resource if it takes centuries and even millions of years to fill it.

In the recharge area, due to the development of the population and economic growth, the function of land is converted into residential land, industry, etc., which causes a decrease in water absorption. Due to the increase in water demand, there is a decrease in groundwater availability. The land which was originally a conservation area, a protected area, a water catchment area, a protected forest, a buffer zone instead became a waterproof place in the form of settlement, industry, trade, and others which resulted in two impacts simultaneously. The first impact is an increase in the quantity and quality of water needs and the second impact is a decrease in the quantity and quality of water availability. This means that both impacts in the aspect of water resources management are closely related to aspects of water resources conservation and aspects of the utilization of water resources. In addition to these two impacts, changes in the function of land also caused an increase in surface flow which caused an increase in the potential for floods. In the management of water resources, this is an aspect of controlling the destructive power of water.

God willing, if it is realized, the results of the Betterpad-Ray Mockup design (Benteng Terpadu Raya / Great Integrated Fortress "Mural Wall") will pay attention to and maintain ground water as a very important resource for life, especially humans. Humans as creatures who are given reason by God Almighty should be aware of the importance of groundwater both its role, function, and sustainability. Therefore it is necessary to carry out a variety of studies and more in-depth research on groundwater. Groundwater is a resource that can be renewable and can also be non-renewable, which of course needs good utilization and management. Generally humans assume that water, especially groundwater, will never run out, in the sense that it is always replenished in the hydrological cycle, unlike oil derived from dead organic bodies that require very long time in its formation. Besides that, water is really needed at all times by living things so that they can continue their lives to the end. Water as a basic need will never be replaced by water substances. When you feel thirsty, only water can handle it. Blood flow in the body and the work processes of other organs must also need water. So that animals and plants can live also need water.

At present there are concerns about the quality and quantity of groundwater according to the description above. The existence of development that covers water catchment areas does damage the quality and quantity of groundwater. Therefore, it can be endeavored that the Betterpad-Ray design will be built by taking into account the importance of water absorption sites. Maybe in every development (construction) there is always a part of the water catchment that must be removed, but there is still something that can be done so that the water still has a road to the ground/soil. For example, by continuing to provide a sufficiently large water catchment or green space in an area of the building. In addition, water channels are also needed to prevent flooding. For the Betterpad-Ray Maket design, it may be possible to choose a location in a place where the recharge area is insignificant or not a place that significantly reduces water infiltration sites, possibly in the downstream area. The water spatial arrangement in the Betterpad-Ray model also needs to be discussed in more depth with experts so that in this case it can still maintain the availability of ground water. This might be applicable to other constructions, if possible.

It is indeed realized that for large buildings or dense settlements, including the Betterpad-Ray model design, it does require large amounts of water sourced from groundwater. Generally economic and business factors make new buildings or settlements established. Then because of inappropriate spatial and environmental arrangements, the quality and quantity of availability has decreased, inversely proportional to the amount to be used. But the purpose of the Betterpad-Ray Mockup design is not for economic and business purposes, especially personal interests. Betterpad-Ray has goals in the fields of education, social, and culture that are used in the public interest. Insha Allah there will be proper, good and correct management of groundwater for the design of the building complex so that the availability of water can be maintained properly, and that is also for the surrounding community. Betterpad-Ray's design does have various facilities, such as the Shahada Mosque, Civilization Pavilion, and Betterpad-Ray Main Building. All of them certainly need water from large quantities of ground water. But all of them are buildings that have benefits for people and there will be no waste of water in every activity, just enough as needed.

Both as a renewable and non-renewable resource, ground water really plays an important role in life. It is an obligation to maintain and manage it well and try not to damage or contaminate it with things that are sometimes not realized or not considered. If nature is damaged, then humans also feel the bad. It is expected that various facilities from the Betterpad-Ray Mockup design can be used as a place to study, discuss and find solutions to the problems of groundwater carried out by various parties. Not only discourse, but also need to real practice correctly without selfishness. Because the results are also for the benefit of all humans and living things.

Shahada Mosque (Masjid Syahadat)

Civilization Pavilion (Pendapa Peradaban)

Betterpad-Ray Main Building

This is the explanation of the article about the Betterpad-Ray (Benteng Terpadu Raya / Great Integrated Fortress) model design. God willing, it can be realized. Aamiin. Sorry if there is an error especially in this article.


Reference:
·       Robert J. Kodoatie and Roestam Sjarief. Tata Ruang Air. 2010. Yogyakarta: ANDI. (https://archive.org/stream/BukuArsitektur/1822_Tata%20Ruang%20Air#mode/2up)


(Architecture Hobby)



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